The Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINSY) was the first United States Navy base established in the Pacific Ocean. It is located 40 km northeast of San Francisco "San Francisco (California)") in Vallejo "Vallejo (California)"), California. The Napa River runs through the Mare Island Strait and separates the shipyard peninsula (Mare Island, California) from the main part of the city of Vallejo. MINSY was famous as the main submarine port on the West Coast of the US, as well as being the regulatory force in the San Francisco Bay Area shipbuilding efforts during World War II.[2].
The base closed in 1996 and has gone through several phases of renovation. It was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1960,[3] and parts of it were declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1975.[4].
Establishment
In September 1849, Lieutenant Commander William Pope McArthur was placed in command of the American survey schooner Ewing, which had been taken around Cape Horn to the west coast by Lieutenant Washington Allon Bartlett. Arriving in San Francisco, the Ewing and the other ship assigned to the survey, the USS Massachusetts, were hampered in progress due to the desertion of their crews to the gold fields, including a mutiny when members of The crew rowing into the city from the Ewing threw an officer overboard in an attempt to desert. They managed to survey Mare Island Strait before traveling to Hawaii to obtain crew from the Hawaiian monarch, King Kamehameha III. They returned to San Francisco in the spring of 1850 with the coastal survey of Northern California beginning April 4, 1850. and continued to the mouth of the Columbia River. On August 1, 1850, while still in Oregon, McArthur purchased a 1⁄16 interest in Mare Island for $468.50[5] and then returned to San Francisco that same month to prepare charts and write reports.
On January 15, 1852, Secretary of the Navy William A. Graham ordered a Naval Commission to select a site for a naval shipyard on the Pacific coast. Commodore D. Sloat along with Commodore C. Ringgold"), Simon F. Blunt") and William P. S Sanger") (supervisor of the construction of dry dock number one, at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard) were appointed members of the commission. On July 13, 1852, Sloat recommended the island[8] across the Napa River from the settlement of Vallejo.
The Navy purchased the original 956 acres (387 ha) of MINSY on January 4, 1853. McArthur's family share, he had died a few months after purchasing an interest in Mare Island, was $5,218.20. The Navy began shipbuilding operations on September 16, 1854 under the command of then-Commander David Farragut.
Floating docks review
Introduction
The Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINSY) was the first United States Navy base established in the Pacific Ocean. It is located 40 km northeast of San Francisco "San Francisco (California)") in Vallejo "Vallejo (California)"), California. The Napa River runs through the Mare Island Strait and separates the shipyard peninsula (Mare Island, California) from the main part of the city of Vallejo. MINSY was famous as the main submarine port on the West Coast of the US, as well as being the regulatory force in the San Francisco Bay Area shipbuilding efforts during World War II.[2].
The base closed in 1996 and has gone through several phases of renovation. It was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1960,[3] and parts of it were declared a National Historic Landmark District in 1975.[4].
Establishment
In September 1849, Lieutenant Commander William Pope McArthur was placed in command of the American survey schooner Ewing, which had been taken around Cape Horn to the west coast by Lieutenant Washington Allon Bartlett. Arriving in San Francisco, the Ewing and the other ship assigned to the survey, the USS Massachusetts, were hampered in progress due to the desertion of their crews to the gold fields, including a mutiny when members of The crew rowing into the city from the Ewing threw an officer overboard in an attempt to desert. They managed to survey Mare Island Strait before traveling to Hawaii to obtain crew from the Hawaiian monarch, King Kamehameha III. They returned to San Francisco in the spring of 1850 with the coastal survey of Northern California beginning April 4, 1850. and continued to the mouth of the Columbia River. On August 1, 1850, while still in Oregon, McArthur purchased a 1⁄16 interest in Mare Island for $468.50[5] and then returned to San Francisco that same month to prepare charts and write reports.
On January 15, 1852, Secretary of the Navy William A. Graham ordered a Naval Commission to select a site for a naval shipyard on the Pacific coast. Commodore D. Sloat along with Commodore C. Ringgold"), Simon F. Blunt") and William P. S Sanger") (supervisor of the construction of dry dock number one, at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard) were appointed members of the commission. On July 13, 1852, Sloat recommended the island[8] across the Napa River from the settlement of Vallejo.
The floating dock had been commissioned as early as 1852; she was built in New York and brought in parts via Cape Horn to Mare Island, where she took a ship for the first time in February 1855, the St. Mary's. The first ship built on Mare Island was launched in 1859, the USS Saginaw. MINSY served as a major Pacific Ocean repair station at the turn of the century, handling American, Japanese and Russian vessels in the performance of its duties.
In 1861, the longest sailing clipper, the Syren, was taken to the Mare Island Navy Yard for $15,000 worth of repairs. The Syren had struck Mile Rock twice while attempting to leave the Golden Gate.[9]
The Marines first came into service in 1862 under the command of Major Addison Garland, who was the first officer to command the Marine barracks on the island.
The Mare Island Naval Shipyard also took a leading role in civil defense and emergency response on the West Coast, sending warships to the Pacific Northwest to subdue Native American unrest. MINSY sent ships like Wyoming south to Central America and the Panama Canal to protect American political and commercial interests. Mare Island covered some of the support, logistics and ammunition requirements for the Spanish-American War. MINSY sent men, material and ships to San Francisco in response to the fires that followed the 1906 earthquake. Rescue missions were organized in the Arctic as necessary. Artillery manufacturing and storage were two other key missions at MINSY for almost all of its active service, including artillery used before the American Civil War.[10].
In 1911, the Marine Corps established two recruit training depots on the West Coast, first at Mare Island and the second at Puget Sound, Washington. Mare Island eventually became the West Coast's only recruit training facility when Operation Puget Sound was consolidated in the San Francisco Bay Area in 1912. Instructors trained recruits there until August 10, 1923, when they moved to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot in San Diego.
World War I
In March 1917, MINSY was the site of a large explosion of barges loaded with ammunition. The explosion killed 6 people, injured 31 others and destroyed some port facilities. Agents of United States Military Intelligence linked the explosion to the German saboteur Lothar Witzke"),[12] who was captured and imprisoned in 1918.
MINSY saw major shipbuilding efforts during World War I. MINSY holds a shipbuilding speed record for a destroyer still standing, launching the USS Ward") in just 17+1⁄2 days in May–June 1918. Although in 1904, the battleship USS Nebraska "USS Nebraska (BB-14)") had been launched in Seattle, Washington, she was of the Pre-dreadnought type. Mare Island was selected by the Navy for the construction of the only Dreadnought-type battleship built on the US west coast, USS California "USS California (BB-44)") When launched on 20 November 1919, the retaining cables broke, so that the ship crashed violently into a dock on the opposite side of the river. Although the California sank several small boats and wrecked the dock system on the Vallejo front, the damage was limited to the ship itself. And the city of Vallejo never sent the Navy a bill for repairing the pier.
between wars
Noting the power of submarine warfare demonstrated by German submarines in World War I, the Navy expanded its Pacific submarine construction program initiated at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard by establishing another submarine program at MINSY in the early 1920s.[14].
Prior to World War II, the Navy established Station I on Mare Island as one of four high-frequency direction finding (HF-DF) stations in the continental Pacific to track Japanese naval and merchant shipping east of Hawaii. The other stations were: Point Arguello, California (Station Z), Point Saint George, California (Station T), and Fort Stevens, Oregon (Station S).
Second World War
Contenido
Las instalaciones de la base incluían un hospital, un depósito de municiones, laboratorios de pruebas de pintura y caucho, y escuelas para bomberos, ópticos y ataques antisubmarinos. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial,[15] MINSY alcanzó su capacidad máxima para la construcción, reparación, revisión y mantenimiento de muchos tipos diferentes de embarcaciones marítimas, incluidos combatientes de superficie y submarinos. Mare Island incluso recibió cruceros y destructores de la Royal Navy y cuatro submarinos de la Armada Soviética para mantenimiento.[2].
Después del estallido de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, MINSY alcanzó rápidamente su pico de producción: la superficie ocupada por la base y los astilleros asociados alcanzó 4 351 acres (17,61 km²), con una población de aproximadamente 46.000 a 50.000 personas, incluidos militares y civiles.[16] Mientras continuaba construyendo unidades ligeras de superficie, incluidos 31 destructores de escolta y más de 300 lanchas de desembarco, el astillero finalmente se especializó en la producción de submarinos, con 17 unidades lanzadas durante la guerra junto con cuatro buques de apoyo submarinos.[17].
Después de la guerra, MINSY fue considerada una de las principales estaciones para la construcción y mantenimiento de la flota de submarinos del Pacífico de la Armada.
war bonds
The patriotism and strong esprit de corps that existed among the shipyard workers led to record fundraising for the armed forces: before the end of the conflict, military personnel and the shipyard's civilian workforce raised $75,697,000 in war bonds, an amount more than enough to finance the construction of all the submarines launched at MINSY itself.[18][17].
The cold war years
During the Cold War years, MINSY remained a major facility, with no fewer than 13,000 civilian workers employed by the mid-1950s. The shipyard eventually specialized only in submarine construction. After continuing for a time with the construction of conventionally powered ships, the USS Sargo"), the first nuclear-powered ship built on the West Coast of the United States, was launched in February 1956. In total 16 nuclear submarines were built at the MINSY facilities. The construction of new ships was completed with the launching of the nuclear submarine USS Drum") on May 23, 1970, and since then the MINSY shipyards remained operational solely for maintenance and dismantling of existing vessels.
Closing
With the end of the Cold War, MINSY's importance as a military base rapidly declined. Already identified in 1993 closure plans, the facility was officially decommissioned by the US Navy on April 1, 1996. Part of the base area was converted to civilian residential use, but the construction sites, dock, dry dock, and large piers were preserved. for use in commercial marine applications; The base's historic buildings have been preserved as National Historic Landmarks since 1975.[17].
In total, 512 ships of all types went to sea from the shipyard's ports.[17].
Ships built
El Astillero Naval de Mare Island construyó al menos ochenta y nueve embarcaciones marítimas. Entre los barcos y embarcaciones más importantes construidos se encuentran:.
• - 1858 USS Saginaw&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Saginaw (1859) (aún no redactado)") – sloop-of-war, madera.
• - 1872 USS Mohican&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Mohican (1883) (aún no redactado)") – sloop-of-war, madera.
• - 1913 USS Palos&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Palos (PG-16) (aún no redactado)") – Cañonero, acero.
• - 1913 USS Monocacy&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Monocacy (PG-20) (aún no redactado)") – Cañonero, acero.
• - 1914 USS Maumee&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Maumee (AO-2) (aún no redactado)") – petrolero, acero.
• - 1915 USS Cuyama&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Cuyama (AO-3) (aún no redactado)") – petrolero, acero.
• - 1916 USS Shaw&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Shaw (DD-68) (aún no redactado)"), destructor – acero.
• - 1916 USS California "USS California (BB-44)") – acorazado, acero.
• - 1916 USS Caldwell&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Caldwell (DD-69) (aún no redactado)") – destructor, acero.
• - 1917 Quince Cazasubmarinos – madera.
• - 1917 USS Fairfax&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Fairfax (DD-93) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Acuerdo de destructores por bases)[20].
• - 1917 USS Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Taylor (DD-94) (aún no redactado)") – destructor.
• - 1918 USS Boggs&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Boggs (DD-136) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1918 USS Kilty&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Kilty (DD-137) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Campaña de Guadalcanal – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)") – Batalla de Okinawa).
• - 1919 USS Kennison&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Kennison (DD-138) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1918 USS Ward&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Ward (DD-139) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)")).
• - 1918 USS Claxton&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Claxton (DD-140) (aún no redactado)") – destructor[20].
• - 1919 USS Hamilton&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Hamilton (DD-141) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (invasión del Norte de África – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)")).
• - 1920 USS Montana "USS Montana (BB-51)") – acorazado desguazado antes de su finalización según los términos del Tratado naval de Washington.
• - 1920 USS Litchfield&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Litchfield (DD-336) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1920 USS Zane&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Zane (DD-337) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal).
• - 1921 USS Wasmuth&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Wasmuth (DD-338) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor).
• - 1922 USS Trever&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Trever (DD-339) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal).
• - 1922 USS Perry&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Perry (DD-340) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Batalla de Peleliu).
• - 1922 USS Decatur&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Decatur (DD-341) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1927 USS Nautilus "USS Nautilus (SS-168)") – submarino (hundió 6 buques en 14 durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial en patrullas por el Pacífico)[21].
• - 1928 USS Chicago "USS Chicago (CA-29)") – crucero – (Batalla de la isla de Savo – Batalla de la isla Rennell).
• - 1931 USS San Francisco "USS San Francisco (CA-38)") – crucero – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Batalla del cabo Esperanza – Batalla naval de Guadalcanal – Batalla del mar de Filipinas[22] – Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945) "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)") – Batalla de Okinawa).
• - 1934 USS Smith&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Smith (DD-378) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Batalla de las islas Santa Cruz – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)")).
• - 1934 USS Preston&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Preston (DD-379) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Batalla de las islas Santa Cruz – Batalla naval de Guadalcanal).
• - 1935 USS Henley&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Henley (DD-391) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal).
Submarines
In the prelude to World War II, the Mare Island Naval Shipyard specialized in submarines, and apart from a few submarine mother ships, no further surface ships were built there.
• - 1936 USS Pompano&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Pompano (SS-181) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 6 ships in 7 Pacific patrols of World War II[23].
• - 1936 USS Sturgeon&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sturgeon (SS-187) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 9 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[24].
• - 1937 USS Swordfish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Swordfish (SS-193) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 12 ships in 13 Pacific patrols of World War II[25].
• - 1939 USS Fulton&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Fulton (AS-11) (not yet drafted)") - Submarine mother ship - (World War II).
• - 1939 USS Tuna&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tuna (SS-203) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 4 ships in 13 Pacific patrols of World War II[26].
• - 1939 USS Gudgeon&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Gudgeon (SS-211) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 11 ships in 12 Pacific patrols of World War II[27].
• - 1941 USS Sperry&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sperry (AS-12) (not yet drafted)") - Submarine mother ship[28] - (World War II).
• - 1941 USS Silversides&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Silversides (SS-236) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[29] (sunk 23 ships in 14 Pacific patrols of World War II (third highest number for a US submarine)[30].
• - 1941 USS Trigger&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Trigger (SS-237) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[29] (sunk 18 ships in 12 Pacific patrols of World War II (the 11th highest number for a US submarine)[31].
• - 1942 USS Bushnell&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Bushnell (AS-15) (not yet drafted)") - Mother ship[28]- (World War II).
• - 1942 USS Wahoo "USS Wahoo (SS-238)") - submarine[32] (sunk 20 ships in 7 Pacific patrols of World War II (6th highest number for a US submarine)[33].
• - 1942 USS Whale&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Whale (SS-239) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 9 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1942 USS Sunfish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sunfish (SS-281) (not yet redacted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 15 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[21].
• - 1942 USS Tunny&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tunny (SS-282) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 7 ships in 9 Pacific patrols of World War II[35] Vietnam War).
• - 1942 USS Tinosa&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tinosa (SS-283) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 16 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[35].
• - 1942 USS Tullibee&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tullibee (SS-284) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 3 ships 4 Pacific patrols of World War II[36].
• - 1943 USS Howard W. Gilmore&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Howard W. Gilmore (AS-16) (not yet drafted)") - Mother ship[28] - (World War II).
References
[1] ↑ Adams, George R. (1 de diciembre de 1974). «Mare Island Naval Shipyard». National Register of Historic Places – Inventory Nomination Form (pdf|formato= requiere |url= (ayuda)). National Park Service. Falta la |url= (ayuda); |fechaacceso= requiere |url= (ayuda).
[3] ↑ «Primera estación naval estadounidense en el Pacífico». Oficina de Preservación Histórica, Parques Estatales de California. Consultado el 15 de octubre de 2012.
[9] ↑ Howe, Octavius T; Matthews, Frederick C. (1927). American Clipper Ships 1833–1858. Vol. 2, Malay-Young Mechanic. Salem, MA: Marine Research Society. pp. 653-656.
The Navy purchased the original 956 acres (387 ha) of MINSY on January 4, 1853. McArthur's family share, he had died a few months after purchasing an interest in Mare Island, was $5,218.20. The Navy began shipbuilding operations on September 16, 1854 under the command of then-Commander David Farragut.
The floating dock had been commissioned as early as 1852; she was built in New York and brought in parts via Cape Horn to Mare Island, where she took a ship for the first time in February 1855, the St. Mary's. The first ship built on Mare Island was launched in 1859, the USS Saginaw. MINSY served as a major Pacific Ocean repair station at the turn of the century, handling American, Japanese and Russian vessels in the performance of its duties.
In 1861, the longest sailing clipper, the Syren, was taken to the Mare Island Navy Yard for $15,000 worth of repairs. The Syren had struck Mile Rock twice while attempting to leave the Golden Gate.[9]
The Marines first came into service in 1862 under the command of Major Addison Garland, who was the first officer to command the Marine barracks on the island.
The Mare Island Naval Shipyard also took a leading role in civil defense and emergency response on the West Coast, sending warships to the Pacific Northwest to subdue Native American unrest. MINSY sent ships like Wyoming south to Central America and the Panama Canal to protect American political and commercial interests. Mare Island covered some of the support, logistics and ammunition requirements for the Spanish-American War. MINSY sent men, material and ships to San Francisco in response to the fires that followed the 1906 earthquake. Rescue missions were organized in the Arctic as necessary. Artillery manufacturing and storage were two other key missions at MINSY for almost all of its active service, including artillery used before the American Civil War.[10].
In 1911, the Marine Corps established two recruit training depots on the West Coast, first at Mare Island and the second at Puget Sound, Washington. Mare Island eventually became the West Coast's only recruit training facility when Operation Puget Sound was consolidated in the San Francisco Bay Area in 1912. Instructors trained recruits there until August 10, 1923, when they moved to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot in San Diego.
World War I
In March 1917, MINSY was the site of a large explosion of barges loaded with ammunition. The explosion killed 6 people, injured 31 others and destroyed some port facilities. Agents of United States Military Intelligence linked the explosion to the German saboteur Lothar Witzke"),[12] who was captured and imprisoned in 1918.
MINSY saw major shipbuilding efforts during World War I. MINSY holds a shipbuilding speed record for a destroyer still standing, launching the USS Ward") in just 17+1⁄2 days in May–June 1918. Although in 1904, the battleship USS Nebraska "USS Nebraska (BB-14)") had been launched in Seattle, Washington, she was of the Pre-dreadnought type. Mare Island was selected by the Navy for the construction of the only Dreadnought-type battleship built on the US west coast, USS California "USS California (BB-44)") When launched on 20 November 1919, the retaining cables broke, so that the ship crashed violently into a dock on the opposite side of the river. Although the California sank several small boats and wrecked the dock system on the Vallejo front, the damage was limited to the ship itself. And the city of Vallejo never sent the Navy a bill for repairing the pier.
between wars
Noting the power of submarine warfare demonstrated by German submarines in World War I, the Navy expanded its Pacific submarine construction program initiated at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard by establishing another submarine program at MINSY in the early 1920s.[14].
Prior to World War II, the Navy established Station I on Mare Island as one of four high-frequency direction finding (HF-DF) stations in the continental Pacific to track Japanese naval and merchant shipping east of Hawaii. The other stations were: Point Arguello, California (Station Z), Point Saint George, California (Station T), and Fort Stevens, Oregon (Station S).
Second World War
Contenido
Las instalaciones de la base incluían un hospital, un depósito de municiones, laboratorios de pruebas de pintura y caucho, y escuelas para bomberos, ópticos y ataques antisubmarinos. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial,[15] MINSY alcanzó su capacidad máxima para la construcción, reparación, revisión y mantenimiento de muchos tipos diferentes de embarcaciones marítimas, incluidos combatientes de superficie y submarinos. Mare Island incluso recibió cruceros y destructores de la Royal Navy y cuatro submarinos de la Armada Soviética para mantenimiento.[2].
Después del estallido de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, MINSY alcanzó rápidamente su pico de producción: la superficie ocupada por la base y los astilleros asociados alcanzó 4 351 acres (17,61 km²), con una población de aproximadamente 46.000 a 50.000 personas, incluidos militares y civiles.[16] Mientras continuaba construyendo unidades ligeras de superficie, incluidos 31 destructores de escolta y más de 300 lanchas de desembarco, el astillero finalmente se especializó en la producción de submarinos, con 17 unidades lanzadas durante la guerra junto con cuatro buques de apoyo submarinos.[17].
Después de la guerra, MINSY fue considerada una de las principales estaciones para la construcción y mantenimiento de la flota de submarinos del Pacífico de la Armada.
war bonds
The patriotism and strong esprit de corps that existed among the shipyard workers led to record fundraising for the armed forces: before the end of the conflict, military personnel and the shipyard's civilian workforce raised $75,697,000 in war bonds, an amount more than enough to finance the construction of all the submarines launched at MINSY itself.[18][17].
The cold war years
During the Cold War years, MINSY remained a major facility, with no fewer than 13,000 civilian workers employed by the mid-1950s. The shipyard eventually specialized only in submarine construction. After continuing for a time with the construction of conventionally powered ships, the USS Sargo"), the first nuclear-powered ship built on the West Coast of the United States, was launched in February 1956. In total 16 nuclear submarines were built at the MINSY facilities. The construction of new ships was completed with the launching of the nuclear submarine USS Drum") on May 23, 1970, and since then the MINSY shipyards remained operational solely for maintenance and dismantling of existing vessels.
Closing
With the end of the Cold War, MINSY's importance as a military base rapidly declined. Already identified in 1993 closure plans, the facility was officially decommissioned by the US Navy on April 1, 1996. Part of the base area was converted to civilian residential use, but the construction sites, dock, dry dock, and large piers were preserved. for use in commercial marine applications; The base's historic buildings have been preserved as National Historic Landmarks since 1975.[17].
In total, 512 ships of all types went to sea from the shipyard's ports.[17].
Ships built
El Astillero Naval de Mare Island construyó al menos ochenta y nueve embarcaciones marítimas. Entre los barcos y embarcaciones más importantes construidos se encuentran:.
• - 1858 USS Saginaw&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Saginaw (1859) (aún no redactado)") – sloop-of-war, madera.
• - 1872 USS Mohican&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Mohican (1883) (aún no redactado)") – sloop-of-war, madera.
• - 1913 USS Palos&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Palos (PG-16) (aún no redactado)") – Cañonero, acero.
• - 1913 USS Monocacy&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Monocacy (PG-20) (aún no redactado)") – Cañonero, acero.
• - 1914 USS Maumee&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Maumee (AO-2) (aún no redactado)") – petrolero, acero.
• - 1915 USS Cuyama&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Cuyama (AO-3) (aún no redactado)") – petrolero, acero.
• - 1916 USS Shaw&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Shaw (DD-68) (aún no redactado)"), destructor – acero.
• - 1916 USS California "USS California (BB-44)") – acorazado, acero.
• - 1916 USS Caldwell&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Caldwell (DD-69) (aún no redactado)") – destructor, acero.
• - 1917 Quince Cazasubmarinos – madera.
• - 1917 USS Fairfax&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Fairfax (DD-93) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Acuerdo de destructores por bases)[20].
• - 1917 USS Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Taylor (DD-94) (aún no redactado)") – destructor.
• - 1918 USS Boggs&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Boggs (DD-136) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1918 USS Kilty&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Kilty (DD-137) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Campaña de Guadalcanal – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)") – Batalla de Okinawa).
• - 1919 USS Kennison&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Kennison (DD-138) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1918 USS Ward&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Ward (DD-139) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)")).
• - 1918 USS Claxton&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Claxton (DD-140) (aún no redactado)") – destructor[20].
• - 1919 USS Hamilton&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Hamilton (DD-141) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (invasión del Norte de África – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)")).
• - 1920 USS Montana "USS Montana (BB-51)") – acorazado desguazado antes de su finalización según los términos del Tratado naval de Washington.
• - 1920 USS Litchfield&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Litchfield (DD-336) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1920 USS Zane&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Zane (DD-337) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal).
• - 1921 USS Wasmuth&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Wasmuth (DD-338) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor).
• - 1922 USS Trever&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Trever (DD-339) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal).
• - 1922 USS Perry&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Perry (DD-340) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Batalla de Peleliu).
• - 1922 USS Decatur&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Decatur (DD-341) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Segunda Guerra Mundial).
• - 1927 USS Nautilus "USS Nautilus (SS-168)") – submarino (hundió 6 buques en 14 durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial en patrullas por el Pacífico)[21].
• - 1928 USS Chicago "USS Chicago (CA-29)") – crucero – (Batalla de la isla de Savo – Batalla de la isla Rennell).
• - 1931 USS San Francisco "USS San Francisco (CA-38)") – crucero – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Batalla del cabo Esperanza – Batalla naval de Guadalcanal – Batalla del mar de Filipinas[22] – Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945) "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)") – Batalla de Okinawa).
• - 1934 USS Smith&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Smith (DD-378) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Batalla de las islas Santa Cruz – Campaña de Filipinas "Campaña de Filipinas (1944-1945)")).
• - 1934 USS Preston&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Preston (DD-379) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Batalla de las islas Santa Cruz – Batalla naval de Guadalcanal).
• - 1935 USS Henley&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Henley (DD-391) (aún no redactado)") – destructor – (Ataque a Pearl Harbor – Campaña de Guadalcanal).
Submarines
In the prelude to World War II, the Mare Island Naval Shipyard specialized in submarines, and apart from a few submarine mother ships, no further surface ships were built there.
• - 1936 USS Pompano&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Pompano (SS-181) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 6 ships in 7 Pacific patrols of World War II[23].
• - 1936 USS Sturgeon&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sturgeon (SS-187) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 9 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[24].
• - 1937 USS Swordfish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Swordfish (SS-193) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 12 ships in 13 Pacific patrols of World War II[25].
• - 1939 USS Fulton&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Fulton (AS-11) (not yet drafted)") - Submarine mother ship - (World War II).
• - 1939 USS Tuna&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tuna (SS-203) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 4 ships in 13 Pacific patrols of World War II[26].
• - 1939 USS Gudgeon&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Gudgeon (SS-211) (not yet drafted)") - submarine (sunk 11 ships in 12 Pacific patrols of World War II[27].
• - 1941 USS Sperry&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sperry (AS-12) (not yet drafted)") - Submarine mother ship[28] - (World War II).
• - 1941 USS Silversides&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Silversides (SS-236) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[29] (sunk 23 ships in 14 Pacific patrols of World War II (third highest number for a US submarine)[30].
• - 1941 USS Trigger&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Trigger (SS-237) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[29] (sunk 18 ships in 12 Pacific patrols of World War II (the 11th highest number for a US submarine)[31].
• - 1942 USS Bushnell&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Bushnell (AS-15) (not yet drafted)") - Mother ship[28]- (World War II).
• - 1942 USS Wahoo "USS Wahoo (SS-238)") - submarine[32] (sunk 20 ships in 7 Pacific patrols of World War II (6th highest number for a US submarine)[33].
• - 1942 USS Whale&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Whale (SS-239) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 9 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1942 USS Sunfish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sunfish (SS-281) (not yet redacted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 15 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[21].
• - 1942 USS Tunny&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tunny (SS-282) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 7 ships in 9 Pacific patrols of World War II[35] Vietnam War).
• - 1942 USS Tinosa&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tinosa (SS-283) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 16 ships in 11 Pacific patrols of World War II[35].
• - 1942 USS Tullibee&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tullibee (SS-284) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[32] (sunk 3 ships 4 Pacific patrols of World War II[36].
• - 1943 USS Howard W. Gilmore&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Howard W. Gilmore (AS-16) (not yet drafted)") - Mother ship[28] - (World War II).
References
[1] ↑ Adams, George R. (1 de diciembre de 1974). «Mare Island Naval Shipyard». National Register of Historic Places – Inventory Nomination Form (pdf|formato= requiere |url= (ayuda)). National Park Service. Falta la |url= (ayuda); |fechaacceso= requiere |url= (ayuda).
[3] ↑ «Primera estación naval estadounidense en el Pacífico». Oficina de Preservación Histórica, Parques Estatales de California. Consultado el 15 de octubre de 2012.
[9] ↑ Howe, Octavius T; Matthews, Frederick C. (1927). American Clipper Ships 1833–1858. Vol. 2, Malay-Young Mechanic. Salem, MA: Marine Research Society. pp. 653-656.
• - 1943 USS Seahorse&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Seahorse (SS-304) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[37] (sunk 20 ships in 8 Pacific patrols of World War II (6th highest number for a US submarine)[38].
• - 1943 USS Skate&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Skate (SS-305) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[37] (sunk 10 ships in 7 Pacific patrols of World War II[35].
• - 1943 USS Tang "USS Tang (SS-306)") - submarine[37] (sunk 24 ships in 5 Pacific patrols of World War II (the highest number for a US submarine)[39].
• - 1943 USS Tilefish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tilefish (SS-307) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[37] (sunk 2 ships on 6 Pacific patrols of World War II[40].
• - 1944 USS Spadefish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Spadefish (SS-411) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[41] (sunk 21 ships in 5 Pacific patrols of World War II (the fourth highest number for a US submarine)[30].
• - 1944 USS Trepang&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Trepang (SS-412) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[41] (sunk 11 ships in 5 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1944 USS Spot "USS Spot (SS-413)") - submarine[41] (sunk 1 ship in 3 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1944 USS Springer&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Springer (SS-414) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[41] (sunk 4 ships in 3 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1945 USS Stickleback "USS Stickleback (SS-415)") - submarine[41] (1 Pacific patrol of World War II[40]).
MINSY continued building non-nuclear submarines during the Cold War, including two of the three Barracuda-class submarines and the USS Grayback, one of the first guided missile launchers.
In 1955, Mare Island was awarded the contract to build USS Sargo&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sargo (SSN-583) (not yet drafted)") the first nuclear submarine launched from a Pacific base. The shipyard became one of the few that built and overhauled nuclear submarines, including several UGM-27 Polaris submarines. 1970 saw the launch of USS Drum&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Drum (SSN-677) (not yet redacted)"), the last nuclear submarine built in California. The bathyscaphe Trieste II") was also built in this period.
In 1972, the Navy officially stopped building new nuclear submarines at Mare Island, although overhaul of existing vessels continued. The Nautilus "USS Nautilus (SSN-571)") was decommissioned at Mare Island in 1980, then rigged to tow back to Groton "Groton (Connecticut)"), Connecticut, to serve as a naval history museum.[50].
• - 1943 USS Seahorse&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Seahorse (SS-304) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[37] (sunk 20 ships in 8 Pacific patrols of World War II (6th highest number for a US submarine)[38].
• - 1943 USS Skate&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Skate (SS-305) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[37] (sunk 10 ships in 7 Pacific patrols of World War II[35].
• - 1943 USS Tang "USS Tang (SS-306)") - submarine[37] (sunk 24 ships in 5 Pacific patrols of World War II (the highest number for a US submarine)[39].
• - 1943 USS Tilefish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Tilefish (SS-307) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[37] (sunk 2 ships on 6 Pacific patrols of World War II[40].
• - 1944 USS Spadefish&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Spadefish (SS-411) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[41] (sunk 21 ships in 5 Pacific patrols of World War II (the fourth highest number for a US submarine)[30].
• - 1944 USS Trepang&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Trepang (SS-412) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[41] (sunk 11 ships in 5 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1944 USS Spot "USS Spot (SS-413)") - submarine[41] (sunk 1 ship in 3 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1944 USS Springer&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Springer (SS-414) (not yet drafted)") - submarine[41] (sunk 4 ships in 3 Pacific patrols of World War II[34].
• - 1945 USS Stickleback "USS Stickleback (SS-415)") - submarine[41] (1 Pacific patrol of World War II[40]).
MINSY continued building non-nuclear submarines during the Cold War, including two of the three Barracuda-class submarines and the USS Grayback, one of the first guided missile launchers.
In 1955, Mare Island was awarded the contract to build USS Sargo&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Sargo (SSN-583) (not yet drafted)") the first nuclear submarine launched from a Pacific base. The shipyard became one of the few that built and overhauled nuclear submarines, including several UGM-27 Polaris submarines. 1970 saw the launch of USS Drum&action=edit&redlink=1 "USS Drum (SSN-677) (not yet redacted)"), the last nuclear submarine built in California. The bathyscaphe Trieste II") was also built in this period.
In 1972, the Navy officially stopped building new nuclear submarines at Mare Island, although overhaul of existing vessels continued. The Nautilus "USS Nautilus (SSN-571)") was decommissioned at Mare Island in 1980, then rigged to tow back to Groton "Groton (Connecticut)"), Connecticut, to serve as a naval history museum.[50].