One of the most effective ways to create green infrastructure is to adopt a more integrated approach to land management. This is generated with strategic territory planning that allows investigating the spatial interactions between different land uses in a defined geographical area. Strategic planning would cover the different positions of government sectors in order to take all perspectives on land use, in a transparent, integrated and cooperative manner.

Spatial planning can in some ways help to separate infrastructure from particular areas, reducing the risk of habitat fragmentation. On the other hand, it can help connect remaining natural areas with each other, through habitat regeneration projects in important strategic areas, promoting their ecological connectivity with development projects.

Some Green Infrastructure Plans in the world are:

• - The Coronel 2050 Green Plan. Coronel Green Infrastructure Master Plan (Chile). 2010.

• - The Urban Green Infrastructure of Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain). 2014.

• - Municipal Green Infrastructure Plan of Mérida (Mexico). 2016.

• - Master Plan for the Green Infrastructure of Zaragoza (Spain). 2017.

School infrastructure plays a crucial role in the quality of education, positively influencing the attendance of students and teachers and contributing to their general well-being. Quality infrastructure, which incorporates resilience "Resilience (psychology)") in the face of natural disasters, access to basic services and adequate comfort conditions, can increase student attendance rates by up to 60%, which in turn impacts higher graduation rates and participation in extracurricular activities, especially in vulnerable environments. In this context, the integration of Green Infrastructure in educational centers is essential to adapt buildings to more sustainable models, which not only promote student well-being, but also contribute to the sustainability of the planet. Furthermore, the lack of contact with nature in these environments can affect the learning and physical and emotional health of young people, who spend much of their time in these spaces. [10][11]​.

A green school infrastructure, designed to be resilient and sustainable, can address the challenges of climate change from its design and construction to its operation and maintenance, through the use of sustainable technologies, low-carbon materials, energy efficiency and the integration of renewable energy. These measures not only decrease the environmental impact of schools, but also create a suitable environment for learning and promote the teaching of ecological practices. Bioclimatic design, efficient use of water and solid waste management are examples of practices that can be implemented in green schools, which optimize the use of natural resources and reduce operating costs, in addition to promoting environmental education linked to the physical environment, which reinforces the development of sustainable skills in students.[10]​.

Despite growing interest in green school infrastructure, significant gaps persist in access to minimum conditions in many schools in Latin America and the Caribbean. A significant percentage of students attend schools without adequate access to clean water, sanitation or electricity, underscoring the need to continue investing in educational infrastructure that is both sustainable and resilient to the effects of climate change.[10]​.

One of the main challenges is redesigning school buildings, which are often concrete structures disconnected from the natural environment.[11]​ This approach, prevalent globally, has not considered factors such as climate, topography and local culture, which has resulted in buildings with thermal comfort problems, high maintenance costs and low durability.[12]​.

For this reason, the incorporation of sustainable construction materials and techniques is promoted, which improve thermal and acoustic insulation, and reduce the ecological footprint. Bioclimatic architecture and the use of traditional techniques emerge as viable alternatives to create energy-efficient schools better adapted to their environment.[12]​.

The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) has also promoted green school infrastructure through studies and programs that promote decarbonization and climate resilience. These projects include specific guidelines for territories in the region, as well as research on comfort in school establishments. For example, in Guatemala, the IDB finances the creation of 500 classrooms with sustainability criteria, including the use of solar panels and other water and energy efficiency measures.[13]​.

The importance of having educational spaces that integrate nature in their design has also been highlighted in projects such as LIFE-myBUILDINGisGREEN, coordinated by the Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid. This project implements Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), such as the incorporation of vegetation on roofs and facades, with the aim of improving thermal comfort in classrooms and other rooms. These solutions not only contribute to adaptation to climate change, but also improve the well-being of students and teachers.[11]​[14]​.

• - Urban infrastructure.

• - Ecology.

• - Environment.

• - Environmental impact.

• - Ecosystem.

• - European Commission, A Green Infrastructure.

• - 6 Green Infrastructure Solutions for Urban Problems.

One of the most effective ways to create green infrastructure is to adopt a more integrated approach to land management. This is generated with strategic territory planning that allows investigating the spatial interactions between different land uses in a defined geographical area. Strategic planning would cover the different positions of government sectors in order to take all perspectives on land use, in a transparent, integrated and cooperative manner.

Spatial planning can in some ways help to separate infrastructure from particular areas, reducing the risk of habitat fragmentation. On the other hand, it can help connect remaining natural areas with each other, through habitat regeneration projects in important strategic areas, promoting their ecological connectivity with development projects.

Some Green Infrastructure Plans in the world are:

• - The Coronel 2050 Green Plan. Coronel Green Infrastructure Master Plan (Chile). 2010.

• - The Urban Green Infrastructure of Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain). 2014.

• - Municipal Green Infrastructure Plan of Mérida (Mexico). 2016.

• - Master Plan for the Green Infrastructure of Zaragoza (Spain). 2017.

School infrastructure plays a crucial role in the quality of education, positively influencing the attendance of students and teachers and contributing to their general well-being. Quality infrastructure, which incorporates resilience "Resilience (psychology)") in the face of natural disasters, access to basic services and adequate comfort conditions, can increase student attendance rates by up to 60%, which in turn impacts higher graduation rates and participation in extracurricular activities, especially in vulnerable environments. In this context, the integration of Green Infrastructure in educational centers is essential to adapt buildings to more sustainable models, which not only promote student well-being, but also contribute to the sustainability of the planet. Furthermore, the lack of contact with nature in these environments can affect the learning and physical and emotional health of young people, who spend much of their time in these spaces. [10][11]​.

A green school infrastructure, designed to be resilient and sustainable, can address the challenges of climate change from its design and construction to its operation and maintenance, through the use of sustainable technologies, low-carbon materials, energy efficiency and the integration of renewable energy. These measures not only decrease the environmental impact of schools, but also create a suitable environment for learning and promote the teaching of ecological practices. Bioclimatic design, efficient use of water and solid waste management are examples of practices that can be implemented in green schools, which optimize the use of natural resources and reduce operating costs, in addition to promoting environmental education linked to the physical environment, which reinforces the development of sustainable skills in students.[10]​.

Despite growing interest in green school infrastructure, significant gaps persist in access to minimum conditions in many schools in Latin America and the Caribbean. A significant percentage of students attend schools without adequate access to clean water, sanitation or electricity, underscoring the need to continue investing in educational infrastructure that is both sustainable and resilient to the effects of climate change.[10]​.

One of the main challenges is redesigning school buildings, which are often concrete structures disconnected from the natural environment.[11]​ This approach, prevalent globally, has not considered factors such as climate, topography and local culture, which has resulted in buildings with thermal comfort problems, high maintenance costs and low durability.[12]​.

For this reason, the incorporation of sustainable construction materials and techniques is promoted, which improve thermal and acoustic insulation, and reduce the ecological footprint. Bioclimatic architecture and the use of traditional techniques emerge as viable alternatives to create energy-efficient schools better adapted to their environment.[12]​.

The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) has also promoted green school infrastructure through studies and programs that promote decarbonization and climate resilience. These projects include specific guidelines for territories in the region, as well as research on comfort in school establishments. For example, in Guatemala, the IDB finances the creation of 500 classrooms with sustainability criteria, including the use of solar panels and other water and energy efficiency measures.[13]​.

The importance of having educational spaces that integrate nature in their design has also been highlighted in projects such as LIFE-myBUILDINGisGREEN, coordinated by the Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid. This project implements Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), such as the incorporation of vegetation on roofs and facades, with the aim of improving thermal comfort in classrooms and other rooms. These solutions not only contribute to adaptation to climate change, but also improve the well-being of students and teachers.[11]​[14]​.

• - Urban infrastructure.

• - Ecology.

• - Environment.

• - Environmental impact.

• - Ecosystem.

• - European Commission, A Green Infrastructure.

• - 6 Green Infrastructure Solutions for Urban Problems.