Environmental integration theory
Introduction
Ecosophy is a current of thought, developed by the French philosopher and psychologist Félix Guattari, that promotes the search for wisdom to inhabit the planet, in the midst of the global ecosystem crisis facing humanity. It starts from positions contrary to any centrism (anthropocentrism, ecocentrism or biocentrism), but from the conviction that society-nature contradictions, imposed during several centuries of anthropocentric subjectivity, must be discarded so that the human species can continue coexisting as part of the rich biodiversity of the Earth.
History
The term ecosophy was coined in 1973 by the Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss, founder of deep ecology, in his article "The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movements: A Summary", in the magazine Inquiry") (as part of a special edition of the Chilean magazine Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, it was translated into Spanish and republished in 2007). Etymologically, ecosophy comes from the union of the Greek word οἶκος (oikos), which means house, and σοφία (sofia), which translates as knowledge or wisdom. Initially, Naess connotes it as a kind of ecological philosophy:
Later, the Frenchman Félix Guattari (1930-1992), also a philosopher and who truly provides it with epistemic content, presents it as a transdisciplinary and integrative knowledge, in which a particular philosophical theory is not considered, but among other things, seeks conciliation between different knowledge, based on a non-anthropocentric humanism and the search for an organic integration on the psychological and social level of man as part of a biosphere in harmonious balance.
Guattari's ecosophy
In 1989, the French house Éditions Galilée published the essay Les trois ecologies (The Three Ecologies). Its author, the French philosopher Félix Guattari, addresses the profound ecological crisis of the planet especially from political, sociological, cultural and psychological perspectives, proposing the need for a reconversion of human life from three ecologies: a mental ecology, a social ecology and an environmental ecology. The text also declares what can be considered the object of Ecosophy:
In other words, it is to develop in a transdisciplinary and integrative way, the knowledge that guarantees the survival of the human species in harmony with nature, mediating the principles of an inclusive social ethics, a bioethics, a plural intercultural dialogue and under the banner of finding a common good "Common good (philosophy)") that implies the good of nature.