Drinking water networks
Introduction
A drinking water supply network is a system of concatenated engineering works that allow drinking water to be brought to the homes of the inhabitants of a city, town or rural area with a relatively dense population.
Origin of water
Drinking water supply systems can be classified by the source of the water from which they are obtained:
• - Rainwater stored in highly specialized cisterns.
• - Water from natural springs, where groundwater surfaces to the lower surface.
• - Groundwater, captured through wells or underground filter galleries.
• - Surface water (previously treated) from rivers, streams, reservoirs or natural lakes around the world.
• - Sea water (this must necessarily be desalinated).
Depending on the origin of the water, to transform it into drinking water it must be subjected to treatments, ranging from simple disinfection and filtration to desalination.
Components of the supply system
Contenido
El sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable más complejo, que es el que utiliza aguas superficiales, consta de cinco partes principales:.
• - Captación.
• - Almacenamiento de agua bruta.
• - Tratamiento.
• - Almacenamiento de agua tratada.
• - Red de distribución abierta.
Water collection
The collection of a spring must be done with great care, protecting the place of outcrop from possible contamination, delimiting a closed protection area.
The collection of surface water is done through intakes, in some cases filter galleries are used, parallel or perpendicular to the water course to capture the water that results in preliminary filtering.
Groundwater is collected through wells or filter galleries.