Detection and alarm systems
Introduction
A fire alarm system is designed to detect the presence of flame
, by monitoring environmental changes associated with combustion. In general, a fire alarm system is classified according to whether it is automatically operated, manually operated, or both. Automatic fire alarm systems are intended to notify building occupants to evacuate in the event of a fire or other emergency, to report the event to a location outside the premises in order to call emergency services, and to prepare the structure and associated systems to control the spread of fire and smoke.
Types of fire protection measures
Passive fire protection
They are the set of measures that do not require action unlike active protection. However, it is essential for fire protection. Passive protection includes: signaling, fireproofing of objects, division through sealing, gates and firewalls, among others.
Active fire protection
They are those systems that perform specific actions to prevent a fire. Active protection includes: detection systems, personnel evacuation, fire extinguishers, fire protection tools, smoke extraction systems and temperature control programs, among others.
The purpose of active protection is to raise alarm and act accordingly to prevent a possible fire. This protection is usually divided into 3 sections: detection, mechanical ventilation, fire suppression.
Parts
Types of plants
These systems have the ability to identify each device in the system and can additionally make sensitivity changes to the smoke and temperature detectors; read the percentage of dirt; Program the activation sequence of the sirens and relays. They have the ability to work with graphical monitoring software that identifies each device in the system.
Monitoring Software
In large buildings they are implementing monitoring software. (in English they are known as BMS). These software have the ability to integrate many electronic security systems such as CCTV, intrusion systems, access system and also fire detection systems.
Evacuation Plan
The fire detection system is part of a building's evacuation system. The objective of the fire detection system is to inform in case of emergency to initiate the evacuation protocol. The evacuation protocol must be designed and with those in charge so that they correctly activate this process if necessary.