Design of electrical installations
Introduction
An electrical installation is the set of electrical circuits that aims to provide electrical energy to buildings, facilities, public places, infrastructures, etc. It includes the necessary equipment to ensure its correct operation and the connection with the corresponding electrical devices.
On the other hand, more broadly, an electrical installation can be defined as the set of systems for the generation, transmission, distribution and reception of electrical energy for its use.
The various energy producing plants (in certain South American countries they were called "power plants") are located in different geographical positions (depending on the primary energy that ends up being converted into electricity), which makes a Primary Transmission Network necessary to reach the consumption centers. High Voltage is used to transport energy, which generates much less energy loss. From the generating station, the underground and overhead lines reach transformer stations where the voltage is reduced again, to the so-called medium voltage of 13.2 kV, that is, 13,200 volts between phases. From there the energy is distributed to transformer chambers, where the voltage is reduced again, from 3 x 13.2 kV to 3 x 380/220 volts. The Low Voltage networks or Distribution Network leave the transformer chambers, in underground cables or in overhead lines, which reach each user.
Guys
Depending on your voltage
They are those installations in which the potential difference between two conductors is greater than 1000 volts (1 kV).
They are generally high-power installations in which it is necessary to reduce losses due to the Joule effect (heating of the conductors). Sometimes high voltage installations with low powers are used to take advantage of the effects of the electric field, such as in neon signs.
They are the most general case of electrical installation. In these, the maximum potential difference between two conductors is less than 1000 volts (1 kV), but greater than 24 volts.
They are those installations in which the maximum potential difference between two conductors is less than 24 volts.
They are used in the case of low powers or the need for great safety of use. Furthermore, very low voltage is bad for the use of very large devices in terms of power, which is why the circuit burns out if it is very low voltage.