Although the term health promotion was defined by Hugh Leavell") and Edwin G. Clark") (1953, 1976) within the primary actions of preventive medicine. Two years later, the Declaration of Alma-Ata (WHO, 1978) frames PS as an activity within primary health care (PHC).

In 1986, the First International Conference on Health Promotion gave rise to the Ottawa Charter, which stated: "Health promotion consists of providing people with the necessary means to improve their health and exercise greater control over it. Subsequently, the Adelaide Declaration (1988) emphasized the need to establish public policies favorable to health and highlighted the need to evaluate the impact of political decisions on health. Years Later, the Sundswall Conference (1991) highlighted the need for the physical environment, the socioeconomic environment, and the political environment to support health.

At the Jakarta Conference (WHO, 1997), the international impact of the Ottawa Charter was examined. The results, expressed in the Declaration on Adapting Health Promotion to the 21st Century), identified five priorities in health promotion:

At the dawn of the century, in the Mexico Declaration (WHO, 2000) a commitment was established to position health promotion as a fundamental strategy in the political and development agenda of countries. This commitment was reaffirmed in the Bangkok Charter (2005), which establishes the measures and commitments necessary to address the determinants of health in a globalized world. In the document where the WHO addresses the issue of potentially modifiable determinants, both those that depend on the actions of individual subjects and those that are the responsibility of some type of group or the State, it reinforces the importance of combining them to exert a clear impact on health.

Then, the 7th World Conference on Health Promotion", held in Nairobi, established more than 70 actions aimed at addressing deficiencies in health promotion (WHO, 2009). The World Conference on Health Promotion was held in Helsinki (WHO, 2013), focused on the Health in All Policies (STP) approach. It is considered that health is largely determined by factors external to the health field and, consequently, an effective health policy must address all political areas, especially social policies, fiscal policies, those related to the environment, education and research. In this sense, it calls on governments to incorporate health and health equity into their agendas and advance structures, resources and institutional capacity to support the STP strategy.

The Shanghai Declaration on Health Promotion is the result of the last global conference on health promotion - held in that city in 2016 -, which establishes commitments to adopt bold policies for health, strengthening the links between health and well-being and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals.

The World Health Organization has developed general principles on health promotion:.

The 1997 Jakarta Declaration on Guiding Health Promotion into the Century confirms that these strategies and areas of action are essential for all countries. Furthermore, there is clear evidence that:[3]​.

The Jakarta Declaration identifies five priorities for health promotion in the century:.

As already mentioned, health promotion not only encompasses the field

health, but also research, education, government and other sectors

social, because the actions carried out are social, economic,

political and psychosocial.[4]​ Therefore, health education is part of the

Health Promotion.[5]​.

The meaning of this expression is linked to the concepts of health and

education that prevails in each era and is the result of ideologies as well as

of social needs.

For Perea, health education "is a process of permanent education that is

begins in the first years of childhood, oriented towards the knowledge of

himself in all his dimensions, both individual and social, and

also of the environment that surrounds it in its double dimension, ecological and social,

in order to be able to have a healthy life and participate in collective health."[6]​.

Salleras[7]​ explains that health education has the objectives of

health is a heritage of the community, modify negative behaviors, promote

positive behaviors, promote environmental changes, as well as empower people to participate in health decision-making in their community.

Álvarez explains that "health education aims to transmit knowledge that

motivate and enhance knowledge and know-how, as well as the development of

behaviors aimed at preserving the health of the individual, family and

the community, to achieve healthy lifestyles. You must ensure that the

people know and analyze the social, economic and environmental causes that negatively influence health; to develop skills that lead to

a situation in which people: want to live healthy, know how to achieve

health, do whatever it takes, individually and collectively, to maintain health,

and seek help when you need it."[4]​.

1. Strengthen healthy environments

Health Promotion encourages changes in the environment to generate health and well-being; It operates in the places or contexts in which people participate in daily activities, where social, economic, environmental, organizational and personal factors interact.

Schools, universities, homes, workplaces, markets and other common spaces are key environments to gain health throughout the entire life course.

2. Facilitate community participation and empowerment

Participation generates health in itself and, furthermore, is essential for the effectiveness and sustainability of health promotion actions.

Promoting health means creating spaces for participation, networking, reinforcing the role of communities and enhancing their assets and capacities so that they can advocate for their needs and perspectives.

Furthermore, to promote health it is key to empower people and communities so that they can be meaningfully involved in making decisions that affect their lives.

3. Strengthen governance and intersectoral action and address social determinants of health

Good governance for health implies including intersectoral action, social participation and equity.

It is crucial to consider the impact that policies in sectors such as education, employment, economy, housing, transportation or urban planning have on health. Therefore, to promote health, a whole-of-government and society-wide approach is essential that generates collective solutions that improve health as an integral part of well-being and economic and social development.

Scientific evidence shows that having a permanent job or not, a higher or lower level of education, income, better or worse housing conditions, more or less green areas, spaces to walk, directly influences health.

The evidence also shows us that there are effective public policies to promote health with equity.

Local governments play a key role in health promotion due to their ability to act on environments, work intersectorally, integrate community participation, and adapt interventions to the specific needs and contexts of the population.

4. Strengthen health systems and services

Based on the Ottawa Charter, health promotion takes on a leading role, recognizing that health systems and services go beyond the provision of clinical and medical services, so that a change in focus and organization must occur so that people's needs are placed at the center and addressed as a whole.

Health Promotion is a key element for strengthening health systems and their ability to respond to the health needs of individuals, families and communities, focusing on guaranteeing health at the highest possible level with solidarity and equity.

Each contact with a person can be an opportunity not only to provide a clinical service, but also to evaluate the conditions in which they live and work, learn about their family and social context, and connect with community assets. It also provides the opportunity to coordinate with other services such as social protection and housing to address people's identified needs.

The health sector must make health promotion more relevant and concrete, and collaborate with communities to create healthy living conditions, based on primary health care.

Health promotion is also an essential function of public health, which must be included in the evaluation processes, policy development, resource allocation and in the dimensions of access to health services (FESP).

Although the term health promotion was defined by Hugh Leavell") and Edwin G. Clark") (1953, 1976) within the primary actions of preventive medicine. Two years later, the Declaration of Alma-Ata (WHO, 1978) frames PS as an activity within primary health care (PHC).

In 1986, the First International Conference on Health Promotion gave rise to the Ottawa Charter, which stated: "Health promotion consists of providing people with the necessary means to improve their health and exercise greater control over it. Subsequently, the Adelaide Declaration (1988) emphasized the need to establish public policies favorable to health and highlighted the need to evaluate the impact of political decisions on health. Years Later, the Sundswall Conference (1991) highlighted the need for the physical environment, the socioeconomic environment, and the political environment to support health.

At the Jakarta Conference (WHO, 1997), the international impact of the Ottawa Charter was examined. The results, expressed in the Declaration on Adapting Health Promotion to the 21st Century), identified five priorities in health promotion:

At the dawn of the century, in the Mexico Declaration (WHO, 2000) a commitment was established to position health promotion as a fundamental strategy in the political and development agenda of countries. This commitment was reaffirmed in the Bangkok Charter (2005), which establishes the measures and commitments necessary to address the determinants of health in a globalized world. In the document where the WHO addresses the issue of potentially modifiable determinants, both those that depend on the actions of individual subjects and those that are the responsibility of some type of group or the State, it reinforces the importance of combining them to exert a clear impact on health.

Then, the 7th World Conference on Health Promotion", held in Nairobi, established more than 70 actions aimed at addressing deficiencies in health promotion (WHO, 2009). The World Conference on Health Promotion was held in Helsinki (WHO, 2013), focused on the Health in All Policies (STP) approach. It is considered that health is largely determined by factors external to the health field and, consequently, an effective health policy must address all political areas, especially social policies, fiscal policies, those related to the environment, education and research. In this sense, it calls on governments to incorporate health and health equity into their agendas and advance structures, resources and institutional capacity to support the STP strategy.

The Shanghai Declaration on Health Promotion is the result of the last global conference on health promotion - held in that city in 2016 -, which establishes commitments to adopt bold policies for health, strengthening the links between health and well-being and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals.

The World Health Organization has developed general principles on health promotion:.

The 1997 Jakarta Declaration on Guiding Health Promotion into the Century confirms that these strategies and areas of action are essential for all countries. Furthermore, there is clear evidence that:[3]​.

The Jakarta Declaration identifies five priorities for health promotion in the century:.

As already mentioned, health promotion not only encompasses the field

health, but also research, education, government and other sectors

social, because the actions carried out are social, economic,

political and psychosocial.[4]​ Therefore, health education is part of the

Health Promotion.[5]​.

The meaning of this expression is linked to the concepts of health and

education that prevails in each era and is the result of ideologies as well as

of social needs.

For Perea, health education "is a process of permanent education that is

begins in the first years of childhood, oriented towards the knowledge of

himself in all his dimensions, both individual and social, and

also of the environment that surrounds it in its double dimension, ecological and social,

in order to be able to have a healthy life and participate in collective health."[6]​.

Salleras[7]​ explains that health education has the objectives of

health is a heritage of the community, modify negative behaviors, promote

positive behaviors, promote environmental changes, as well as empower people to participate in health decision-making in their community.

Álvarez explains that "health education aims to transmit knowledge that

motivate and enhance knowledge and know-how, as well as the development of

behaviors aimed at preserving the health of the individual, family and

the community, to achieve healthy lifestyles. You must ensure that the

people know and analyze the social, economic and environmental causes that negatively influence health; to develop skills that lead to

a situation in which people: want to live healthy, know how to achieve

health, do whatever it takes, individually and collectively, to maintain health,

and seek help when you need it."[4]​.