geoengineering,[1]​ climate engineering[2]​[3]​ or climate intervention is the deliberate, large-scale modification of the Earth's climate to limit or reverse global warming.[4]​.

It has been investigated as a possible response to global warming, for example, by NASA[5]​ and the Royal Society.[6]​ The techniques under investigation generally fall into the categories of solar radiation management) and carbon dioxide reduction,[7]​ although several other strategies have been suggested. A 2014 study investigated the most common climate engineering methods and concluded that they are either ineffective or have potentially serious side effects and cannot be stopped without causing rapid climate change.[8]​.

Contenido

Se han propuesto diversas estrategias para llevar a cabo el propósito de la geoingeniería. Se pueden resumir en dos grandes categorías: gestión de la radiación solar y reducción del dióxido de carbono.

Carbon dioxide reduction

Techniques for the reduction of carbon dioxide (CDI)[16]​ are focused on eliminating gases in the atmosphere that contribute to the greenhouse effect. These methods include techniques that directly reduce these gases from the atmosphere, as well as techniques that are focused on reducing them indirectly by promoting natural techniques that carry out said process (for example, tree planting). Among these techniques are:

In the short and long terms, these methods vary in their effectiveness and in the potential adverse effects, including ecological and others still unknown, that each technique may cause in the environment.

The concept of geoengineering opens various debates about the political and economic implications that its implementation would entail.

There is a lack of consensus about whether geoengineering should be carried out or not. Scientists from the University of Oxford have proposed a series of principles[23]​ that should guide research practice on geoengineering, which are summarized in: