Cross-docking (Logistics)
Introduction
In Logistics, Cross-docking[1] corresponds to a type of order preparation (one of the functions of the logistics warehouse) without placing merchandise in stock (inventory), or picking operation (collection). It allows materials to be transported with different destinations or to consolidate merchandise from different origins, which may vary depending on the needs of the product.
Strictly speaking, cross-docking is done without any type of intermediate storage.
Avoiding storage operations allows you to reduce the time required for logistics operations. It is because this system is used especially, for fresh products or the press, by large distributors, (Paris Distribution Center, Grupo Almacenes Éxito, Servientrega, Redetrans, Deprisa, Carrefour "Carrefour (multinational)"), Cecofar, Grupo Eroski, Centro Cuesta Nacional, Celsur Logística Profesional, Jumbo Retail, Fruvemex, Transfarmaco, Transportes Furlong, Walmart) among others.
"Cross-docking" is also highly beneficial in the automotive industry, since by doing correct route engineering, just-in-time is achieved that reduces storage costs and helps prevent plant stoppages, an excellent example is DHL Supply Chain, XPO Logistics (es:)[t] (en:) or Grupo Logístico Sesé and with clients such as Mercedes Benz, SEAT, Ford, GM, Daimler, BMW among others.
The importance of the use of cross-docking platforms was highlighted as a practice that, in addition to reducing logistics costs, allows connecting supply sources with areas of operations in a precise, dispersed, flexible and timely manner [2].
Its intention is also to agree with suppliers on preparation of the merchandise to reduce reception, storage and preparation costs.
For this system, sorting machines have been implemented, which by means of conveyor belts and a classification system, are capable of automatically distributing the merchandise through outlets, setting the pace for the operator, in order to reduce costs.
It is also possible to carry out the necessary cross-docking operations at the time of receiving orders and directly in online radio frequency terminals, thus sending the materials to their stowage positions or directly to docks, exit positions or similar, thus allowing mixed order reception, where some products are stored and others directly served, eliminating intermediate operations, as is carried out in some warehouse management systems.