Critical structural rehabilitation
Introduction
The rehabilitation or revitalization of historic centers is a global instrument for the comprehensive recovery of urban, central areas affected by housing problems, with the aim of improving the housing conditions of the population and other aspects of an urban, social and economic nature, through the integration, coordination and promotion of the different actions that public and private agents can develop in said urban areas.
Recovering the built city is a right of citizens, especially the Right to housing, that is, access to decent[1] and adequate[2] housing, understanding this as having an affordable price at all levels and with the habitability conditions covered. Located in appropriate urban areas with the necessary services, green spaces, squares and equipment, connected to the cities' public transport network.
Historical urban heritage
Historic center is called the original urban nucleus of planning and construction of an urban area, generally the one with the greatest social, economic, political and cultural attraction, which is characterized by containing the assets linked to the history of a certain city, based on the culture that gave rise to it.
Urban public space is generated to provide access to housing and public buildings or services. The urban fabrics of historic centers are generally dense and narrow spaces, nucleated by squares as a structuring element of the city. In Europe, many of them also preserve the vestiges of the defensive walls that housed them, which gives them a determining spatial singularity. In Latin American cities, their orthogonal layout at the time of founding has been preserved almost intact. This spatial configuration adapts better to the changes in use and functions of the contemporary city, especially if we compare it with the Muslim or medieval city.
The changes produced in these urban spaces over the centuries and as a result of the modification of ways of life, cultural, productive "Production (economy), economic... have caused a series of sometimes drastic modifications. As are those carried out in the century and beginning of the 20th century, when the historic centers undergo their greatest reform, a consequence of the effects of the industrial city, the opening of new axes, street realignments and the appearance of rental property, rental housing organized vertically by floors.