Los mercados financieros son el mecanismo o lugar a través del cual se produce un intercambio de activos financieros y se determinan sus precios. The system does not require, in principle, the existence of a specific physical space in which exchanges take place. El contacto entre los agentes que operan en estos mercados puede establecerse de diversas formas telemáticas, telefónicamente, mediante mecanismos de subasta o por internet. It is also not relevant if the price is determined as a consequence of a known and specific supply or demand for each type of asset.

Functions are:

The organizations or institutions "supervise compliance with the laws drafted by parliaments, as well as with the rules issued by the regulators of the financial system themselves. These rules are intended to ensure the proper functioning of the financial markets, and all of them are called financial regulation. To comply with their objectives, they can impose sanctions (for example, a stock market regulatory commission can suspend the listing of a stock security if unauthorized acts are carried out in the exchange of that security).

Contenido

La globalización tiene su primer antecedente en el sistema de trueque, que consiste en otorgar un bien a cambio de recibir otro bien o servicio a cambio (esto lo podemos relacionar con el costo de oportunidad).[3]​[4]​.

The 20th century

In the century the growth of the income level stood out, the stratification between rich and poor countries, between socioeconomic classes and others, expanded and for this the richest world population in the world (the fourth part of the world) the GDP per capita increased almost 6 times its value. This is where many people took advantage to form monopolies or get money through fraud or informal trade.[3][4]​.

Fundamental aspects of globalization:.

Una educación financiera adecuada no solo depende de los ciudadanos de un país, sino que también depende del interés generado en las personas e instituciones de gobierno por mejorar y sanear sus finanzas.[5]​.

Según diversos informes y análisis, los siguientes países aparecen con frecuencia como poseedores de algunos de los sistemas financieros más eficientes:.

Y además existe un sistema financiero internacional que se encuentra integrado por múltiples instituciones encargadas de regular sectores de los diversos sistemas financieros.[5]​.

Recent modifications in Mexico

The most recent initiative proposes an internal strengthening (in government terms) in favor of the sanitation of public finances, in order to make resource management efficient and be able to offer clean accounts to the inhabitants of the country in question. Previously, the “Federal Law on Transparency and Access to Government Public Information” was implemented, published in the DOF and last reformed on July 14, 2014. This law, implemented by former President Vicente Fox Quesada, had the objective of clarifying the use by the different states of the republic of the resources provided by the federal government. However, it did not meet the objective in its entirety and the disproportionate expenses of government entities continue to this day. Such expenses are reflected in the country's economy, affecting it greatly. Examples of these expenses? Luxury vehicles, luxury aircraft, mansions and other eccentricities that are well known by the people and always denied by the rulers. Therefore, the following points are proposed in the aforementioned bill:

Through these components, a more responsible and transparent management of financial resources is sought and advanced in the three levels of government.” (Federal Government, 2015)

This initiative is quite interesting and if applied properly, great changes can be achieved to boost the country by investing correctly and as it should always be, the resources obtained by each state and government institution. By educating this sector of the country in financial terms, different things will be achieved, including:[6]​.

International results in terms of education

At the end of 2005, the OECD published a study in which different surveys about financial education were analyzed. These were carried out in the countries belonging to the organization. Among other data, the following was found:[7]​.

"Despite the results, it is encouraging to find that some financial education programs that have been evaluated are reasonably effective. Research in the United States shows that workers have increased their participation in 401(k)&action=edit&redlink=1 "401(k) (not yet drafted)" plans (a type of retirement plan, with special tax advantages, that allows employees to save and invest for their own retirement) when employers offer financial education programs, either in the form of brochures or seminars”.[7]​.

Despite the above, academic analyzes of financial education have not found evidence of measurable success in improving the financial well-being of participants.[8][9]​.

Furthermore, a growing number of education researchers have questioned the nature of financial education, arguing that it changes the risks held by companies and government (e.g. pensions, insurance, health expenses etc.) and assigns them to individual people. Many of these researchers argue that financial education must be more critical and have a broader focus, and it must be an education that supports people to better understand the injustice of the system and exclusion, rather than understanding financial failure as an individual problem and the nature of financial risk as apolitical. Many of these researchers work on social justice, critical pedagogy, and paradigms of feminism and race issues.[10]​[11]​[12]​[13]​[14]​[15]​.

Los mercados financieros son el mecanismo o lugar a través del cual se produce un intercambio de activos financieros y se determinan sus precios. The system does not require, in principle, the existence of a specific physical space in which exchanges take place. El contacto entre los agentes que operan en estos mercados puede establecerse de diversas formas telemáticas, telefónicamente, mediante mecanismos de subasta o por internet. It is also not relevant if the price is determined as a consequence of a known and specific supply or demand for each type of asset.

Functions are:

The organizations or institutions "supervise compliance with the laws drafted by parliaments, as well as with the rules issued by the regulators of the financial system themselves. These rules are intended to ensure the proper functioning of the financial markets, and all of them are called financial regulation. To comply with their objectives, they can impose sanctions (for example, a stock market regulatory commission can suspend the listing of a stock security if unauthorized acts are carried out in the exchange of that security).

Contenido

La globalización tiene su primer antecedente en el sistema de trueque, que consiste en otorgar un bien a cambio de recibir otro bien o servicio a cambio (esto lo podemos relacionar con el costo de oportunidad).[3]​[4]​.

The 20th century

In the century the growth of the income level stood out, the stratification between rich and poor countries, between socioeconomic classes and others, expanded and for this the richest world population in the world (the fourth part of the world) the GDP per capita increased almost 6 times its value. This is where many people took advantage to form monopolies or get money through fraud or informal trade.[3][4]​.

Fundamental aspects of globalization:.

Una educación financiera adecuada no solo depende de los ciudadanos de un país, sino que también depende del interés generado en las personas e instituciones de gobierno por mejorar y sanear sus finanzas.[5]​.

Según diversos informes y análisis, los siguientes países aparecen con frecuencia como poseedores de algunos de los sistemas financieros más eficientes:.

Y además existe un sistema financiero internacional que se encuentra integrado por múltiples instituciones encargadas de regular sectores de los diversos sistemas financieros.[5]​.

Recent modifications in Mexico

The most recent initiative proposes an internal strengthening (in government terms) in favor of the sanitation of public finances, in order to make resource management efficient and be able to offer clean accounts to the inhabitants of the country in question. Previously, the “Federal Law on Transparency and Access to Government Public Information” was implemented, published in the DOF and last reformed on July 14, 2014. This law, implemented by former President Vicente Fox Quesada, had the objective of clarifying the use by the different states of the republic of the resources provided by the federal government. However, it did not meet the objective in its entirety and the disproportionate expenses of government entities continue to this day. Such expenses are reflected in the country's economy, affecting it greatly. Examples of these expenses? Luxury vehicles, luxury aircraft, mansions and other eccentricities that are well known by the people and always denied by the rulers. Therefore, the following points are proposed in the aforementioned bill:

Through these components, a more responsible and transparent management of financial resources is sought and advanced in the three levels of government.” (Federal Government, 2015)

This initiative is quite interesting and if applied properly, great changes can be achieved to boost the country by investing correctly and as it should always be, the resources obtained by each state and government institution. By educating this sector of the country in financial terms, different things will be achieved, including:[6]​.

International results in terms of education

At the end of 2005, the OECD published a study in which different surveys about financial education were analyzed. These were carried out in the countries belonging to the organization. Among other data, the following was found:[7]​.

"Despite the results, it is encouraging to find that some financial education programs that have been evaluated are reasonably effective. Research in the United States shows that workers have increased their participation in 401(k)&action=edit&redlink=1 "401(k) (not yet drafted)" plans (a type of retirement plan, with special tax advantages, that allows employees to save and invest for their own retirement) when employers offer financial education programs, either in the form of brochures or seminars”.[7]​.

Despite the above, academic analyzes of financial education have not found evidence of measurable success in improving the financial well-being of participants.[8][9]​.

Furthermore, a growing number of education researchers have questioned the nature of financial education, arguing that it changes the risks held by companies and government (e.g. pensions, insurance, health expenses etc.) and assigns them to individual people. Many of these researchers argue that financial education must be more critical and have a broader focus, and it must be an education that supports people to better understand the injustice of the system and exclusion, rather than understanding financial failure as an individual problem and the nature of financial risk as apolitical. Many of these researchers work on social justice, critical pedagogy, and paradigms of feminism and race issues.[10]​[11]​[12]​[13]​[14]​[15]​.