Cost per bed (Hospitals)
Introduction
Hospital administration is a specialty of health administration focused on the autonomy of the management of hospital services and institutions.[1] In the past, the administration of a hospital was in charge of one of the most senior doctors. In Latin America, hospital administration was strengthened as a specialty since the decentralization of hospitals,[2] therefore, historically it is divided into two periods, one of modern values and the other of postmodern values. Like the management of industrial companies, hospital administration is based on strategies to achieve a better relationship between quality, prices and efforts to achieve effectiveness, effectiveness and efficiencies in hospital services. In practice, especially in the administration of public hospitals, theoretical recommendations and strategies often present an undesirable divergence from real experience.[3].
As a career, hospital administration generally requires a master's degree in Hospital Management that prepares professionals, even those without medical careers, to manage the specific needs and address the challenges of a hospital.
History
For the years 4000 BC. C., religions had identified some of their deities with healing abilities.[4] The temple of Saturn, and later the temple of Aesculapius in Asia Minor, were recognized as such healing centers. Later, Brahminical hospitals "Brahmin (caste)") were established in Sri Lanka in about 431 BC. C.,[5] and King Aśoka established a chain of hospitals in the Hindustani peninsula around 230 BC. C. By the years 100 BC. C., Roman hospitals were established for the treatment of their sick or injured soldiers.
In the medieval Islamic world, the word "bimaristan" was used to indicate a hospital establishment where the sick were received, cared for and treated by qualified personnel. The public hospital in Baghdad was opened during the Abbasid Caliphate of Haroun al-Rashid in the 19th century. Medieval hospitals in Europe followed a pattern similar to the Byzantine one funded by religious communities, with care provided by monks and nuns. Some hospitals were multifunctional, while others were founded for specific purposes, such as leper hospitals or as shelter for the poor or pilgrims: not just for the care of the sick.
Since the century, the medieval hospital presented a separation between the institution dedicated to caring for the sick and the shelters for the poor, both under the responsibility of the community and not the Church.[8].