Containment architecture
Introduction
Screens are a type of flexible earth containment structure, commonly used in civil engineering constructions.
Screen support elements
Contenido
Dado que las pantallas son estructuras flexibles, en ocasiones puede resultar necesario aplicar elementos de soporte de muy diverso tipo.
El elemento de soporte natural es el terreno que hay en el intradós de la pantalla, que trabaja a pasivo. Pero en ocasiones este pasivo no es suficiente para contener a la pantalla, y se necesitan elementos adicionales, que pueden ser:.
Props
They are metal profiles or metal structures that prevent the screen from flexing excessively and are also punctual and lightened.
Anchors
They are perforations with a metal element that works under traction, which is introduced into the ground with a certain inclination. It is about looking for more consistent terrain, and preventing it from affecting the service areas of structures adjacent to the screen.
At the end that remains inside the ground, a grout is injected, and at the end in contact with the screen, an anchor head is placed that distributes the tensioning force.
Wrought
Sometimes the props already described are replaced by the building's own slab. For this, temporary stools are used, which are embankments that help the passive of the screen. These benches are removed once the slab is built.
Ascending-descending construction
It is a particular construction practice. It consists of cementing the piles up to the plane of the capping, and placing on them (still underground) some metal elements corresponding to the pillars of the structure.
From this, the floor is built at ground level. And subsequently, you can begin to build upwards (floor 1) and downwards (floor -1), constituting the ascending-descending construction system.
The ascending construction has no differences compared to a conventional construction. However, in the descending, as you descend, the ground is excavated.