Comprehensive project management
Introduction
In project management, project evaluation is a process to determine the establishment of changes generated by a project, based on the comparison between the current state and the state planned in its planning.[1] That is, it seeks to know how much a project has managed to meet its objectives, the changes made in the planning, or how much capacity it would have to meet them.
In a project evaluation, information is always produced for decision-making, which is why it can also be considered an activity aimed at improving the effectiveness of projects in relation to their purposes, in addition to promoting greater efficiency in the allocation of resources.[2] In this sense, it should be noted that evaluation is not an end in itself, rather it is a means to optimize project management.[1].
Types of project evaluation
Depending on the management level
Project evaluation can be classified as follows:
Depending on the nature of the evaluation
Project evaluation can be seen from two different perspectives:
Depending on when it is done
The different types of evaluation vary depending on when they are carried out. The types of evaluation are: ex-ante, process, ex-post and impact.[1][2][3][4].
It should be considered that the ex-ante and process evaluations are considered formative evaluations, because they occur while the preparation and/or execution of the project is taking place and their conclusions serve to optimize its execution, while the results and impact evaluations become summative evaluations") that occur at the end of the project and, even, some time after it has been completed, therefore, their conclusions will serve to be transferred to other experiences, but they will no longer be able to have a direct application in the project that has been completed. concluded.[6].