Coaching and Mentoring
Introduction
capacity building, capacity enhancement, capacity strengthening or capacity development, capacity augmentation, training, capacity development, capacity increase or capacity reinforcement is the process by which people and organizations obtain, improve or retain skills, knowledge, tools, equipment and other resources necessary to do their jobs better. It allows individuals, institutions and companies to increase their ability to act (reach more people, do things they could not do before, do more things they already did, improve their efficiency, etc.). The terms "capacity enhancement", "capacity strengthening", "training" and others are often used interchangeably.[1].
In reality it is always a training activity, but in some cases it may be accompanied by the donation of instruments. For example, solar energy training for an isolated village may include not only training, but donating solar panels, batteries, and learning how they work and are maintained. The term began to be applied to a series of initiatives that since 1950 encouraged the active participation of members of local communities in social and economic development through national and subnational plans.[2].
Increasing the capabilities of a community is a conceptual approach towards social and behavioral change, and leads to developing infrastructure. It focuses on understanding the obstacles that make it difficult for individuals, governments, international organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to achieve the objectives that will allow them to achieve sustainable results.
The term "community capacity building" emerged in the context of international development, during the decade 1991-2000. Today this term appears in the programs of most international development organizations, such as the World Bank, the United Nations, and international non-governmental organizations such as Oxfam. The widespread use of the term has led to controversy over its exact meaning.
Often "community empowerment" refers to strengthening the abilities of people and communities, in small businesses and grassroots movements, to achieve their objectives and overcome particular issues that can cause exclusion. Organization training is frequently used by NGOs and governments to guide their internal development and activities.
Upskilling tends to treat the necessary skills as tied to the immediate task. Compare, for example, the education of children, which seeks to develop skills, such as mathematical reasoning, in a way that is much more disconnected from the professions that these children will perform in the future. Martha Nussbaum's capabilities approach delves into this theory.[3] Alternatively, Paul James proposes the circles of social life approach.[4].