Climate vulnerability analysis
Introduction
vulnerability to climate change (or climate vulnerability) is a type of social vulnerability that is aggravated by the impacts of climate change and the absence or deficiency of adaptation measures. The IPCC defines vulnerability as "propensity or predisposition to be negatively affected. Vulnerability comprises a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of capacity to respond and adapt."[1] The IPCC notes that vulnerability to climate change can be aggravated by other factors, such as inequality, poverty and lack of access to basic infrastructure.[2].
Climate vulnerability analyzes are used to determine the risks that certain groups or populations may suffer from climate phenomena in a given space.[3].
Theoretical approaches
Social Theory of Risk
The Social Theory of Risk") criticizes risk assessment purely from a perspective of the risk of a given natural catastrophe,[4] and focuses instead on analyzing the socioeconomic inequalities that have a differential impact on climate risks. In this way, the Social Theory of Risk seeks to integrate four dimensions to address climate vulnerability:[3][5].
• - danger or threat: is defined as the potential or imminent danger of natural phenomena in the space and context of a given society;
• - vulnerability: measure of the exposure of a specific group to the threat;
• - exposure: the degree to which material assets or people can be affected by the threat;
• - uncertainty: the degree of knowledge one has of the three previous dimensions.
IPCC Definitions
The IPCC began working with the concept of vulnerability from its Third Assessment Report.[6] The IPCC defines climate vulnerability as the result of the combination of three factors:[1].
• - exposure to variability and extreme weather events;
• - the sensitivity of social systems;.
• - and the adaptive capacity of societies.
Tools
Indices
• - Disaster risk reduction.
• - Early warning systems.
• - Human climatic niche.
References
- [1] ↑ a b IPCC, 2014: Cambio climático 2014: Impactos, adaptación y vulnerabilidad – Resumen para responsables de políticas. Contribución del Grupo de trabajo II al Quinto Informe de Evaluación del Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático [Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. MacCracken, P.R. Mastrandrea y L.L. White (eds.)]. Organización Meteorológica Mundial, Ginebra, Suiza, 34 págs. (en árabe, chino, español, francés, inglés y ruso).: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ar5_wgII_spm_es-1.pdf
- [2] ↑ IPCC, 2007: Cambio climático 2007: Informe de síntesis. Contribución de los Grupos de trabajo I, II y III al Cuarto Informe de evaluación del Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático [Equipo de redacción principal: Pachauri, R.K. y Reisinger, A. (directores de la publicación)]. IPCC, Ginebra, Suiza, 104 págs.: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ar4_syr_sp.pdf
- [3] ↑ a b «Mundo Agrario - Revistas de la FaHCE». www.mundoagrario.unlp.edu.ar. Consultado el 17 de junio de 2021.: https://www.mundoagrario.unlp.edu.ar/article/view/v10n19a08/621
- [4] ↑ Barrenechea, Julieta; Gentile, Elvira; González, Silvia; Natenzon, Claudia (2000). «Una propuesta metodológica para el estudio de la vulnerabilidad social en el marco de la teoría social del riesgo». Ponencia presentada en IV Jornadas de Sociología, Facultad Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires.: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Claudia-Natenzon/publication/228456530_Una_propuesta_metodologica_para_el_estudio_de_la_vulnerabilidad_social_en_el_marco_de_la_teoria_social_del_riesgo/links/00b7d5310c9145b8f4000000/Una-propuesta-metodologica-para-el-estudio-de-la-vulnerabilidad-social-en-el-marco-de-la-teoria-social-del-riesgo.pdf