Cementitious waterproofing audit
Introduction
The Buenos Aires flood of 2013 was an extreme meteorological event that affected the northeast of the Province of Buenos Aires, mainly the Federal Capital and the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, between April 1 and April 3, 2013. Rainfall records set a historical record for the month of April, both in the Argentine capital, with more than 155 mm accumulated during midnight and 07:00 on April 2,[6] as in the capital of Buenos Aires, where 392 mm fell measured in the rain gauge of the National University of La Plata during the entire day of April 2[8] and 196 mm during the entire event at the local airport observatory.[9] Ten people lost their lives in the Federal Capital and surrounding areas,[3][4] and 91 in La Plata and surrounding areas.[5].
Background
Heavy rains in April 2012 caused the death of five people, three of them minors who lived in Villa 21.[10] Later Buenos Aires officials were denounced for "wrongful damage followed by death and failure to fulfill the duties of a public official", due to the consequences caused by the floods.[11].
Weather situation
Synoptic situation and environmental conditions
On March 30, an axis of minimum pressure values was observed west of the coast of Chile, which quickly evolved into a closed low pressure center at middle levels of the troposphere (known as cold drop, DANA or segregated low). Starting on April 1, this closed center moved very slowly from west to east, over the center of the country. This low pressure center generated favorable conditions for generalized rising movements in central-eastern Argentina, a necessary condition for the formation of cloud cover. During April 2, the development of an incipient frontal wave located in the west of the province of Buenos Aires, in combination with a 1023hPa anticyclone located southeast of Mar del Plata, generated intense and persistent winds from the northeast quadrant over the east of the province. This condition favored the entry of humid air into the region affected by intense rainfall, which was evident in the sustained increase in water vapor content, which reached maximum values of between 40 and 45 mm in Ezeiza in the early morning of April 2. The emagrams obtained through a radiosonde showed a vertical wind profile from the northeast quadrant in a thickness of approximately 1500 m altitude, which during April 1 extends to a higher altitude.