The Canadian well or Provençal well is an air conditioning technique that keeps the house cooler in summer, and warmer in winter, using geothermal energy.[1]​.

The principle of operation is simple. If the temperature is taken at the surface, a difference in temperatures (thermal amplitude) can be observed that will depend on the geographic location and particular conditions that define the climate of the location.

On the other hand, if you begin to take soil temperatures at different depths, you will observe that at a certain depth (around 2 meters) the temperature remains constant throughout the year and, furthermore, said temperature corresponds to the average temperature of the place. If this average temperature is comfortable, then it is appropriate for people to "connect" their house to the earth.

The Canadian well consists of a series of tubes, placed at the desired depth, that run a certain number of meters below the ground, through which air circulates, allowing a heat exchange to occur between the circulating air and the earth that surrounds it. Heat moves from hotter bodies to colder ones.

In winter, the air outside is colder. The temperature at a depth of two meters is higher than the temperature at the surface; Therefore, as cold air circulates through the tubes, the earth gives off heat and heats the air, which will reach the house, thus allowing the home to be heated. In summer, the air temperature is higher than the average temperature at 2 meters depth; Therefore, as the air circulates through the tubes, it will give off heat and arrive at the house several degrees cooler, then cooling the rooms.

Parameters to take into account:

The possibilities of using a Canadian well will also depend on the size of the land, the type of land, which may affect the greater or lesser ease of incorporating pipes at said depth, and the appropriate extension.