The Metropolitan Transportation System "Metropolitano (Lima)") is an integrated public transportation system, which has high-capacity articulated buses that circulate through exclusive corridors, under the bus rapid transit (BRT) scheme. Its construction began in 2006, during the mayoral administration of Luis Castañeda Lossio and its commercial operation began partially on July 28, 2010. The High Capacity Segregated Corridor (COSAC) covers a segregated route that from south to north runs through sixteen districts of the city from Chorrillos to Lima Norte "Northern Cone (Lima)").[14]​.

The length of this trunk route is 26 km and the total number of stations is 38; It is also complemented by feeder routes at its southern and northern ends.[14]​ This service benefits more than 700,000 users per day.[14]​ The objective of this modern system is to raise the quality of life of citizens, by saving them time in the daily commute, protecting the environment, providing them with greater security, a better quality of service and more humane treatment, especially for the elderly and people with disabilities. This system is similar to the TransMilenio of Bogotá or the Metropolitan Mobility Network of Santiago de Chile.[15]​[16]​.

The complementary corridors make up a public transportation system promoted by the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima that is in the process of implementation. Its objective is to reduce the number of current transport routes, renew the vehicle fleet, remove from circulation vehicles that are many years old or with low passenger capacity and integrate with other mass transport systems such as the Metropolitan "Metropolitano (Lima)") and the Metro. On July 26, 2014, after questions from the Provincial Municipality of Callao and the transport unions, the first corridor, called "Blue Corridor",[17]​ which runs through Tacna, Inca Garcilaso de la Vega "Avenida Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (Lima)") and Arequipa avenues, entered the pre-operation phase.[18]​

Currently there are 3 lines of corridors, each identified with a color, which pass through some of the busiest roads in the city. Its vehicle fleet runs on natural gas.

Contenido

En 2011 en la ciudad de Lima circularon 1 200 000 vehículos.[19]​ En 2013 aumentó a 1 453 028 vehículos según el Ministerio de Transportes. Según Lima Como Vamos, el 7,6% de habitantes de Lima se transporta en auto propio para ir a su trabajo.[20]​ Para 2016, de acuerdo a datos del MTC, el parque automotor llegaba a 1 752 919 vehículos, equivalente al 66% del total nacional.[21]​.

Al igual que el parque automotor de todo el país, este ha ido modernizándose notoriamente desde fines de la década de 2000. Según estadísticas de 2007, el Perú tenía uno de los parques automotores más antiguos de América,[22]​ esto debido principalmente a la libre importación de autos usados comenzada en la década de 1990. Sin embargo, la venta de autos nuevos creció de 11 402 en 2001 a 190 761 en 2012,[23]​ notándose un enorme cambio en la preferencia de los vehículos nuevos en el mercado peruano. Hacia 2021, la antigüedad promedio del parque automotor peruano es de 13 años,[24]​ en comparación con los 17 años en 2009.[25]​.

Otro detalle es que, tal y como afirma el gerente general de la Asociación Automotriz del Perú,[26]​ algunas avenidas suelen estar congestionadas debido a la falta de iniciativas como la educación vial y su sistema de semaforización. Según la firma TomTom en 2023, se tardaba alrededor de 28 minutos y 30 segundos en avanzar 10 kilómetros en hora punta.[27]​ En 2024, TomTom catalogó a la ciudad como la más congestionada de América Latina.[26]​ Además, junto con las ciudades peruanas de Trujillo "Trujillo (Perú)") y Arequipa, figura en la lista de las 20 ciudades con peor tráfico del mundo.[28]​.

En 2025, la Asociación Automotriz del Perú afirmó que la velocidad media del tráfico en Lima es de 14.6 kilómetros por hora, con horarios punta en los que se circulaba a menos velocidad que en bicicleta.[29]​ Ese mismo año, TomTom señaló que Lima es la ciudad del mundo con más tiempo perdido al volante, con 155 horas anuales.[30]​.

Buses

Throughout the city there are more than 400 urban transportation routes managed by 308 transportation companies,[31]​ which are provided by buses and minibuses. Until the beginning of 2010, this system was characterized by the lack of renewal of the units and in several cases it led to a certain informality of operation, even when the companies have established routes. At the end of the decade, several companies that had coaster or combi-type units in their fleet renewed their fleet with new 12-meter buses, for good service to the passenger. The rural vans popularly known as combis, were at the time the typical public transport vehicle for short distances, and covered almost the entire metropolitan area, the service was deficient in terms of safety and comfort standards.[32]​[33]​ The average fare is «S/. 1.00" or "S/. 0.50". However, thanks to the reforms and regulations granted recently, the use of this type of vehicle is decreasing.

Taxi

Due to the large unemployment margins that Peru faced in the 1980s and the free importation of used cars, there is an oversupply of taxis and motorcycle taxis. Although the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima began a reorganization of the Metropolitan Taxis Service (SETAME) in 1997, informal taxis still circulate.[34]​ In 2014, taxis in Lima began to be distinguished with stripes (black and yellow boxes if it is independent, black and white boxes if it belongs to a company)[1], however this measure was withdrawn. The vehicles do not have taximeters so the amount of the fare is negotiated at the time of taking the service.[34]​.

However, there are numerous private radio taxi companies that provide door-to-door service and offer a reliable and safe service. On the other hand, there are also taxi remisse companies for services between the international airport and the different hotels in the city. These vehicles can also be rented for private tourist services and are highly sought after by senior executives visiting Lima.

Currently, taxis are of different colors, predominantly yellow, white, black, gray and red. Each one has an identifiable cap on the roof, red and white side and rear stripes and the vehicle license plate written on the rear doors and trunk.[35] Informal taxis, for the most part, are private vehicles with a "Taxi" sticker or cap on the windshield.

According to Fentac, 80,000 collective taxis circulate daily in Lima.[36]​ By 2019, around 200,000 taxis circulate, of which 68,000 would be informal.[37]​.

Motorcycle taxis

As in much of the country, motorcycle taxis abound in the capital. By 2018, a total of 450 thousand motorcycle taxis are estimated, of which 300 thousand were informal.[38] These vehicles circulate mainly in peripheral districts such as San Juan de Lurigancho, Chorrillos, Comas, Ate, San Martín de Porres, San Juan de Miraflores and Villa El Salvador, however, some central districts allow the circulation and service of motorcycle taxis, such as San Miguel "San Miguel District (Lima)"), Magdalena del Mar and Breña.

traffic accidents

Historically, in the 1920s the first traffic accidents were reported due to the presence of narrow roadways.[39]​.

According to the Ombudsman, Eduardo Vega, between 1994 and 2013 there have been more than 1,000,000 traffic accidents that have caused 394,198 victims, of which 19,050 have died.[40] Likewise, almost half of the road infrastructure in critical points of traffic accidents has deficiencies in the condition of the roads, pedestrian signage, lack of traffic lights and lack of ramps. for people with disabilities.[41]​.

El Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones (MTC) señaló en 2015 que el Gobierno prevé implementar un tren de cercanías para Lima, a fin de integrar la zona sur de la capital con Ica. El ministro detalló que el tren iría a una velocidad de 180 kilómetros por hora desde Lurín hasta Pisco "Pisco (ciudad)"). Esta ruta representaría una alternativa al transporte terrestre que los viajeros deben de utilizar para llegar a ese lugar.[42]​.

Lima-Chosica

The modernization of the railway route that connects the districts of Callao, Lima and Chosica was launched. Its objective is to complement Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3 of the Lima and Callao Metro, since it will cross the districts of Cercado de Lima, El Agustino, Santa Anita, Ate Vitarte, Chaclacayo and Lurigancho-Chosica.

In the 1980s, the companies Lavalin International and Canadian Commercial Corporation presented a 46-kilometer express route project between Callao and Chosica.[43]​ In the 1990s, the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima (MML) considered the possibility of reusing an old railway route abandoned in the 1950s.[44]​ In 2021, the Peruvian State announced that it had resumed the project.[45]​.

In 2024, during the administration of the mayor of Lima Rafael López Aliaga, it was agreed to receive a donation of 20 locomotives and 90 double-decker cars from the Caltrain company.

The Jorge Chávez International Airport, located in Callao, is the natural airport of Lima and the most important in Peru, with 22,000,000 passengers per year.[46]​ It is the operations center for South America for LATAM[47]​ and Sky Airline. It has category 4E, according to the International Civil Aviation Organization, which qualifies it as an airport capable of receiving large-body aircraft such as the Boeing 747, Boeing 777 or the Airbus A340. Currently, 34 airlines operate at the airport, serving more than 70 destinations.[48]​.

The Metropolitan Transportation System "Metropolitano (Lima)") is an integrated public transportation system, which has high-capacity articulated buses that circulate through exclusive corridors, under the bus rapid transit (BRT) scheme. Its construction began in 2006, during the mayoral administration of Luis Castañeda Lossio and its commercial operation began partially on July 28, 2010. The High Capacity Segregated Corridor (COSAC) covers a segregated route that from south to north runs through sixteen districts of the city from Chorrillos to Lima Norte "Northern Cone (Lima)").[14]​.

The length of this trunk route is 26 km and the total number of stations is 38; It is also complemented by feeder routes at its southern and northern ends.[14]​ This service benefits more than 700,000 users per day.[14]​ The objective of this modern system is to raise the quality of life of citizens, by saving them time in the daily commute, protecting the environment, providing them with greater security, a better quality of service and more humane treatment, especially for the elderly and people with disabilities. This system is similar to the TransMilenio of Bogotá or the Metropolitan Mobility Network of Santiago de Chile.[15]​[16]​.

The complementary corridors make up a public transportation system promoted by the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima that is in the process of implementation. Its objective is to reduce the number of current transport routes, renew the vehicle fleet, remove from circulation vehicles that are many years old or with low passenger capacity and integrate with other mass transport systems such as the Metropolitan "Metropolitano (Lima)") and the Metro. On July 26, 2014, after questions from the Provincial Municipality of Callao and the transport unions, the first corridor, called "Blue Corridor",[17]​ which runs through Tacna, Inca Garcilaso de la Vega "Avenida Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (Lima)") and Arequipa avenues, entered the pre-operation phase.[18]​

Currently there are 3 lines of corridors, each identified with a color, which pass through some of the busiest roads in the city. Its vehicle fleet runs on natural gas.

Contenido

En 2011 en la ciudad de Lima circularon 1 200 000 vehículos.[19]​ En 2013 aumentó a 1 453 028 vehículos según el Ministerio de Transportes. Según Lima Como Vamos, el 7,6% de habitantes de Lima se transporta en auto propio para ir a su trabajo.[20]​ Para 2016, de acuerdo a datos del MTC, el parque automotor llegaba a 1 752 919 vehículos, equivalente al 66% del total nacional.[21]​.

Al igual que el parque automotor de todo el país, este ha ido modernizándose notoriamente desde fines de la década de 2000. Según estadísticas de 2007, el Perú tenía uno de los parques automotores más antiguos de América,[22]​ esto debido principalmente a la libre importación de autos usados comenzada en la década de 1990. Sin embargo, la venta de autos nuevos creció de 11 402 en 2001 a 190 761 en 2012,[23]​ notándose un enorme cambio en la preferencia de los vehículos nuevos en el mercado peruano. Hacia 2021, la antigüedad promedio del parque automotor peruano es de 13 años,[24]​ en comparación con los 17 años en 2009.[25]​.

Otro detalle es que, tal y como afirma el gerente general de la Asociación Automotriz del Perú,[26]​ algunas avenidas suelen estar congestionadas debido a la falta de iniciativas como la educación vial y su sistema de semaforización. Según la firma TomTom en 2023, se tardaba alrededor de 28 minutos y 30 segundos en avanzar 10 kilómetros en hora punta.[27]​ En 2024, TomTom catalogó a la ciudad como la más congestionada de América Latina.[26]​ Además, junto con las ciudades peruanas de Trujillo "Trujillo (Perú)") y Arequipa, figura en la lista de las 20 ciudades con peor tráfico del mundo.[28]​.

En 2025, la Asociación Automotriz del Perú afirmó que la velocidad media del tráfico en Lima es de 14.6 kilómetros por hora, con horarios punta en los que se circulaba a menos velocidad que en bicicleta.[29]​ Ese mismo año, TomTom señaló que Lima es la ciudad del mundo con más tiempo perdido al volante, con 155 horas anuales.[30]​.

Buses

Throughout the city there are more than 400 urban transportation routes managed by 308 transportation companies,[31]​ which are provided by buses and minibuses. Until the beginning of 2010, this system was characterized by the lack of renewal of the units and in several cases it led to a certain informality of operation, even when the companies have established routes. At the end of the decade, several companies that had coaster or combi-type units in their fleet renewed their fleet with new 12-meter buses, for good service to the passenger. The rural vans popularly known as combis, were at the time the typical public transport vehicle for short distances, and covered almost the entire metropolitan area, the service was deficient in terms of safety and comfort standards.[32]​[33]​ The average fare is «S/. 1.00" or "S/. 0.50". However, thanks to the reforms and regulations granted recently, the use of this type of vehicle is decreasing.

Taxi

Due to the large unemployment margins that Peru faced in the 1980s and the free importation of used cars, there is an oversupply of taxis and motorcycle taxis. Although the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima began a reorganization of the Metropolitan Taxis Service (SETAME) in 1997, informal taxis still circulate.[34]​ In 2014, taxis in Lima began to be distinguished with stripes (black and yellow boxes if it is independent, black and white boxes if it belongs to a company)[1], however this measure was withdrawn. The vehicles do not have taximeters so the amount of the fare is negotiated at the time of taking the service.[34]​.

However, there are numerous private radio taxi companies that provide door-to-door service and offer a reliable and safe service. On the other hand, there are also taxi remisse companies for services between the international airport and the different hotels in the city. These vehicles can also be rented for private tourist services and are highly sought after by senior executives visiting Lima.

Currently, taxis are of different colors, predominantly yellow, white, black, gray and red. Each one has an identifiable cap on the roof, red and white side and rear stripes and the vehicle license plate written on the rear doors and trunk.[35] Informal taxis, for the most part, are private vehicles with a "Taxi" sticker or cap on the windshield.

According to Fentac, 80,000 collective taxis circulate daily in Lima.[36]​ By 2019, around 200,000 taxis circulate, of which 68,000 would be informal.[37]​.

Motorcycle taxis

As in much of the country, motorcycle taxis abound in the capital. By 2018, a total of 450 thousand motorcycle taxis are estimated, of which 300 thousand were informal.[38] These vehicles circulate mainly in peripheral districts such as San Juan de Lurigancho, Chorrillos, Comas, Ate, San Martín de Porres, San Juan de Miraflores and Villa El Salvador, however, some central districts allow the circulation and service of motorcycle taxis, such as San Miguel "San Miguel District (Lima)"), Magdalena del Mar and Breña.

traffic accidents

Historically, in the 1920s the first traffic accidents were reported due to the presence of narrow roadways.[39]​.

According to the Ombudsman, Eduardo Vega, between 1994 and 2013 there have been more than 1,000,000 traffic accidents that have caused 394,198 victims, of which 19,050 have died.[40] Likewise, almost half of the road infrastructure in critical points of traffic accidents has deficiencies in the condition of the roads, pedestrian signage, lack of traffic lights and lack of ramps. for people with disabilities.[41]​.

El Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones (MTC) señaló en 2015 que el Gobierno prevé implementar un tren de cercanías para Lima, a fin de integrar la zona sur de la capital con Ica. El ministro detalló que el tren iría a una velocidad de 180 kilómetros por hora desde Lurín hasta Pisco "Pisco (ciudad)"). Esta ruta representaría una alternativa al transporte terrestre que los viajeros deben de utilizar para llegar a ese lugar.[42]​.

Lima-Chosica

The modernization of the railway route that connects the districts of Callao, Lima and Chosica was launched. Its objective is to complement Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3 of the Lima and Callao Metro, since it will cross the districts of Cercado de Lima, El Agustino, Santa Anita, Ate Vitarte, Chaclacayo and Lurigancho-Chosica.

In the 1980s, the companies Lavalin International and Canadian Commercial Corporation presented a 46-kilometer express route project between Callao and Chosica.[43]​ In the 1990s, the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima (MML) considered the possibility of reusing an old railway route abandoned in the 1950s.[44]​ In 2021, the Peruvian State announced that it had resumed the project.[45]​.

In 2024, during the administration of the mayor of Lima Rafael López Aliaga, it was agreed to receive a donation of 20 locomotives and 90 double-decker cars from the Caltrain company.

The Jorge Chávez International Airport, located in Callao, is the natural airport of Lima and the most important in Peru, with 22,000,000 passengers per year.[46]​ It is the operations center for South America for LATAM[47]​ and Sky Airline. It has category 4E, according to the International Civil Aviation Organization, which qualifies it as an airport capable of receiving large-body aircraft such as the Boeing 747, Boeing 777 or the Airbus A340. Currently, 34 airlines operate at the airport, serving more than 70 destinations.[48]​.