Barcode (Inventory)
Introduction
The bar code is a code based on the representation of a set of parallel lines of different thickness, color and spacing that together contain certain information, that is, the bars and spaces in the code represent small strings of characters. In this way, the barcode allows an item to be quickly recognized in a unique, global and unambiguous way at a point in the logistics chain and thus be able to carry out an inventory or consult its associated characteristics.
The correspondence or mapping between information and the code that represents it is called "symbology." These symbologies can be classified into groups based on two different criteria:
History
The first barcode patent was granted on October 7, 1952 (US Patent #2,612,994) by inventors Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver in the United States. The implementation was made possible by the work of engineers Raymond Alexander and Frank Stietz. The result of their work was a method for identifying railroad cars using an automatic system. However, it was not until 1966 that the barcode began to be used commercially and only had commercial success in 1980.
Basic nomenclature
Example of data contained in a GTIN 13 barcode:
Product status
Barcodes are printed on product containers, packaging or labels. Among its basic requirements are visibility and easy readability, so adequate color contrast is essential. In this sense, black on a white background is the most common, also finding blue on white or black on brown in corrugated cardboard boxes. The barcode is printed by manufacturers (or, more commonly, by packaging and label manufacturers on behalf of the former) and, sometimes, by distributors.
In order not to hinder the image of the product and its promotional messages, it is recommended to print the barcode in discreet places such as the sides or the back of the packaging. However, in cases of small products that are distributed individually, it cannot be prevented from taking up a good part of the surface: markers, glue sticks, among others.