Applied research management
Introduction
The term research and development, abbreviated R&D or I&D (in English, research and development, abbreviated R&D), refers to the activities undertaken by corporations or governments, for the development of new products and services, or their improvement.
R&D activities comprise two primary models that differ from one institution to another, either engineers who work in direct collaboration in the development of new products) or those who work with industry scientists given applied research in the fields of science and technology.[1]
R&D differs from the vast majority of corporate activities in that it does not attempt to obtain immediate benefits, and generally carries great risk and uncertainty in the return on investment. Furthermore, R&D is crucial to extend market influences through the commercialization of new products.[2].
Definition
In bibliographic sources there are several exact definitions of the term "research and development", although they are marked by the same characteristics. R&D encompasses all methodical and systematic activities based on scientific methods with the aim of acquiring more real knowledge. This term is usually used to describe a specific department in companies that seek innovations in their services or products.[3].
R&D composition
Contenido
En lo que respecta a su relación con su aplicabilidad se puede subdividir la I+D en cuatro actividades, que no se pueden delimitar entre ellas de forma clara y que de hecho se solapan en un proyecto de I+D.[4].
Basic science research
Its goal is to achieve results and experiences, without the objective of seeking practical utility. Rather, it is about expanding knowledge, that is, it is about designing and testing theories and hypotheses of laws to achieve a basis for application-oriented knowledge. Since the results of this activity often cannot be protected or used, it does not usually occur in the private sector, but rather in universities or other research institutions.[4].