Applied research
Introduction
Applied sciences use scientific knowledge from one or more branches of science to solve practical problems. The fields of engineering, for example, are close to what applied science is. These practical areas of knowledge are vital to the development of technology. Its use in industrial fields generally refers to development and use.
That is to say, applied science is a body of knowledge in which research and discovery have their direct orientation to practice; These are the sciences that provide the development of new technologies, namely: action algorithms to obtain the desired product.[1] Applied is the scientific discipline that applies existing scientific knowledge to develop more practical applied systems, such as technology or invention.[2].
Its opposite concept is that of fundamental science, scientific research that is carried out to increase knowledge, without immediate practical purpose.
Applied sciences are oriented to the practice of the knowledge obtained in the fundamental sciences; This knowledge directly serves the needs of society.[3] As a result, it provides a wide range of functioning of applied sciences. Due to the development of natural science disciplines in fundamental science, a collection of new data and information emerges that makes it possible to see, predict and in some cases explain and understand phenomena in the world, in particular, applied science can apply formal science, such as statistics, mathematics and medicine, which led to the formation of such disciplines as applied statistics, applied mathematics, applied medicine, etc. Along with this, the course of training and development of related areas of applied science was historically determined, such as, for example, applied psychology, applied ethics, applied biomechanics, up to applied preschool education.[4].
Difference with fundamental sciences
There is a traditional division of sciences into fundamental sciences and applied sciences. Fundamental sciences investigate the fundamental laws that govern the behavior and interaction of the basic structures of nature. The investigations of the fundamental sciences lie on the edge between the known and the unexpected, and lead to scientific discovery.[5] By contrast, the applied sciences apply the results of the fundamental sciences to the solution of social and practical problems.