anchor bolt
Introduction
Anchor bolts are used to connect structural and non-structural elements to concrete.[1] The connection is made by assembling different components, such as: anchor bolts (also called fasteners), steel plates, reinforcements. Anchor bolts transfer different types of loads: tension forces and shear forces.[2] A connection between structural elements can be represented by a steel column joined to a reinforced concrete base.[3] While a common case of a non-structural element joined to a structural one is represented by the connection between a façade system and a reinforced concrete wall.[4].
Guys
Contenido
La forma más simple, y más fuerte, de perno de anclaje es fundido en su lugar, con su extremo incrustado que consiste en un perno y arandela de cabeza hexagonal estándar, una curva de 90 o algún tipo de brida forjada o soldada. Los últimos se utilizan en estructuras compuestas de hormigón y acero como conectores de corte.[5] Otros usos incluyen máquinas de anclaje para verter pisos y edificios de concreto a sus cimientos de concreto.[6] Se producen diversas ayudas típicamente desechables, principalmente de plástico, para asegurar y alinear los anclajes de fundición en el lugar antes de colocar el concreto.[2] Además, su posición también debe coordinarse con el diseño de refuerzo. Se pueden distinguir diferentes tipos de anclajes :[2].
Headed bolts
Inside the headed bolts are the so-called hook and hammerhead screws, which are used for fastening to anchor rails or mounting rails. There are other forms of hammer bolts (e.g. according to DIN 7992 or DIN 261), which are also used in larger dimensions, and plate anchors, which are embedded directly into the concrete.
Hook head screws have two hooks with which the screws hang after a 90 ° turn into the legs of the anchor profile or mounting rails.
T-head screws work on the same principle. The head, however, is hammer-shaped. Hammer head screws cannot rotate back after being inserted, turned 90° and tightened into the rail slot, as they are provided with a square under the head.
References
- [1] ↑ Hoehler, Matthew S.; Eligehausen, Rolf (2008). «Behavior and testing of anchors in simulated seismic cracks». ACI Structural Journal 105 (3): 348-357. ISSN 0889-3241. .: https://es.wikipedia.org//portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0889-3241
- [2] ↑ a b c Mallèe, Rainer; Eligehausen, Rolf; Silva, John F (2006). Anchors In Concrete Structures. Ernst&Shon. ISBN 978-3433011430.
- [3] ↑ Fisher, James M. (2006). Base Plate and Anchor Rod Design.
- [4] ↑ IStructE (1988). Aspects of Cladding. London.
- [5] ↑ Standard Handbook Of Engineering Calculations. McGraw-Hill. 2004.
- [6] ↑ Bhantia, K.G. (2008). Foundations for Industrial Machines - Handbook for practising engineering. New Delhi: D-CAD. ISBN 978-81-906032-0-1.