Advanced urban emergency management
Introduction
civil protection or civil defense is a set of activities that, with government support, is in most countries that aim to support and protect the population to face natural or anthropic disasters.[1] It is a set of people representing a community who develop and execute civil protection or civil defense activities in a certain place, directing actions to protect the physical integrity of the population and its heritage, in the face of the effects of the natural or technological phenomena that they generate. accidents.
The organizations that regulate civil protection usually also define a form of citizen participation by which a group of people is prepared to act in the event of disasters, in support of salaried emergency services, and who serve as those responsible for the organization of citizen aid. In Spain, these groups are structured as Municipal Groups of Civil Protection Volunteers, managed by the respective town councils.
History
Civil protection or civil defense was created on August 12, 1949, in the additional protocol to the Geneva Treaty "Protection of victims of international armed conflicts", provisions granted to complement the work of the Red Cross.
On June 8, 1977, the Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949 relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I) was adopted in Geneva "Geneva (Switzerland)".
The aforementioned Protocol was approved by the Chamber of Senators of the Congress of the Union, on December 21, 1982, according to a Decree published in the Official Gazette of the Federation on January 24, 1983, and promulgated on December 22, 1983.
The international emblem of Civil Protection is stipulated in article 66 of said Protocol, and says:
Symbol
In 1949, just when the League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (currently the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies) was debating the implementation of civil protection tasks, through a civil body already contemplated in its basic postulate, a call was launched to seek a badge that would allow the recognition of this discipline worldwide.
Many nations participate and it is Israel that wins with the symbol of the Star of David framed in an orange circle within a yellow square. As it did not meet the requirement of representing a neutral, apolitical and secular body, it undergoes some modifications.