The administrative procedure[1] is a set of functions that administrators develop to achieve organizational objectives. These functions are divided into planning, organization, direction and control. Each function is interrelated, allowing organizations to adapt to operate efficiently and evaluate their results. The essential purpose of the procedure is the issuance of an administrative act at the service of general interests and not necessarily the resolution of another's claim, as occurs in processes.[2].
Unlike private activity, public action requires following formal channels, more or less strict, which constitute the guarantee of citizens in the double sense that the action is in accordance with the legal system and that it can be known and supervised by citizens.
The administrative procedure is configured as a tool at the service of the effectiveness of the Administration, since it serves to collect all the relevant facts and legal bases of the decision, and at the same time as a guarantee that the citizen has that the Administration is not going to act in an arbitrary way, but rather objectively and following the guidelines of the procedure established in the rules, which on the other hand the administrator can know and in which he can participate when matters that affect his rights or interests are resolved. Both functions of the procedure are especially important when the Administration exercises discretionary powers, since the procedure followed and the file formed with it will serve for judicial control of the administrative action. Administrative processes are those that are carried out to solve and control certain purposes.
General principles of the administrative procedure and scope of application
Contenido
En México como principios generales son de orden e interés público, aplicables a los actos, procedimientos y resoluciones de la Administración Pública Federal centralizada sin perjuicio de lo dispuesto en los Tratados Internacionales de los que México sea parte. También es aplicable a los organismos descentralizados de la administración pública paraestatal, respecto a sus actos de autoridad, a los servicios que el estado preste de manera exclusiva y a los contratos que los particulares puedan celebrar con el mismo organismo. No son aplicables en materias de carácter fiscal. responsabilidades de los servidores públicos, justicia agraria y laboral, ni al ministerio público en ejercicio de sus funciones constitucionales tampoco en materias de competencia económica. Queda excluida la materia fiscal tratándose de contribuciones y accesorios que deriven directamente de aquellas.
Administrative processing
Introduction
The administrative procedure[1] is a set of functions that administrators develop to achieve organizational objectives. These functions are divided into planning, organization, direction and control. Each function is interrelated, allowing organizations to adapt to operate efficiently and evaluate their results. The essential purpose of the procedure is the issuance of an administrative act at the service of general interests and not necessarily the resolution of another's claim, as occurs in processes.[2].
Unlike private activity, public action requires following formal channels, more or less strict, which constitute the guarantee of citizens in the double sense that the action is in accordance with the legal system and that it can be known and supervised by citizens.
The administrative procedure is configured as a tool at the service of the effectiveness of the Administration, since it serves to collect all the relevant facts and legal bases of the decision, and at the same time as a guarantee that the citizen has that the Administration is not going to act in an arbitrary way, but rather objectively and following the guidelines of the procedure established in the rules, which on the other hand the administrator can know and in which he can participate when matters that affect his rights or interests are resolved. Both functions of the procedure are especially important when the Administration exercises discretionary powers, since the procedure followed and the file formed with it will serve for judicial control of the administrative action. Administrative processes are those that are carried out to solve and control certain purposes.
General principles of the administrative procedure and scope of application
Contenido
En México como principios generales son de orden e interés público, aplicables a los actos, procedimientos y resoluciones de la Administración Pública Federal centralizada sin perjuicio de lo dispuesto en los Tratados Internacionales de los que México sea parte. También es aplicable a los organismos descentralizados de la administración pública paraestatal, respecto a sus actos de autoridad, a los servicios que el estado preste de manera exclusiva y a los contratos que los particulares puedan celebrar con el mismo organismo. No son aplicables en materias de carácter fiscal. responsabilidades de los servidores públicos, justicia agraria y laboral, ni al ministerio público en ejercicio de sus funciones constitucionales tampoco en materias de competencia económica. Queda excluida la materia fiscal tratándose de contribuciones y accesorios que deriven directamente de aquellas.
Principle of unity
The procedure is a single process that has a beginning and an end. All procedures must be resolved regardless of the manner of initiation and must also be notified.
Contradiction principle
The resolution of the procedure is based on the facts and the legal foundations; this is achieved through verification of the facts, through evidence. In general, facts can be proven by any means admissible by law.
Principle of impartiality
The administration will be impartial in its actions, without submitting to favoritism or enmity.
Failure to abstain does not invalidate the act but creates responsibility for the official.
In Mexico the same principles are used but they are called impediments, and when a public servant finds himself in any of the situations indicated, he must excuse himself from the procedural intervention by informing his hierarchical superior and he must resolve it within the following three days.
If there is another competent public servant, the matter will be taken over; failing that, the excused public servant will carry out the matter and a hierarchical superior will supervise it.
Officiality principle
The procedure must be promoted ex officio in all its procedures. The administration has the obligation and responsibility to direct the procedure, ordering that all necessary steps be taken to issue the resolution.
It is the responsibility of the heads of the body and the personnel under their charge to process the procedure.
The interested party
The concept of interested party is indicated in the relevant regulations in each specific state.
Those who promote it as holders of rights or legitimate interests are interested in the administrative procedure. Legitimate interests can be individual or collective.
Also interested is anyone who, without having initiated the procedure, has rights that may be affected by the decision adopted therein.
They are also those whose legitimate interests (individual or collective), may be affected by the resolution and are involved in the procedure as long as no definitive resolution has been issued..
Associations and organizations representing economic and social interests will be holders of legitimate collective interests in the terms recognized by the Law.
When the status of interested party derives from some transferable legal relationship, the successor in title will succeed in such status, regardless of the status of the procedure.
Phases of the Procedure
El procedimiento administrativo general carece de fases, en mérito del principio de unidad de vista,[4] se reconocen diversos estados en su tramitación, que son los siguientes:.
Initiation
With priority to the initiation agreement, the competent body may open a prior information period in order to know the circumstances of the specific case and whether or not it is advisable to initiate the procedure.
Several claims with identical or substantially similar content and foundation may be accumulated, unless the rules governing the specific procedures provide otherwise.
If the initiation request does not meet the aforementioned requirements and those required, where appropriate, by the specific applicable legislation, the interested party will be required to, within a specified period, correct the lack or accompany the mandatory documents, with an indication that, if they do not do so, their request will be considered withdrawn after a resolution that must be issued in the terms provided for in the applicable standard.
Provided that these are not selective or competitive procedures, this period may be extended prudently, at the request of the interested party or at the initiative of the body, when the provision of the required documents presents special difficulties.
In procedures initiated at the request of interested parties, the competent body may request from the applicant the voluntary modification or improvement of the terms of the procedure. A succinct record will be drawn up and incorporated into the procedure.
The rules of procedure establish that, once the procedure has begun, the administrative body competent to resolve it may adopt, ex officio or at the request of a party, the provisional measures it deems appropriate to ensure the effectiveness of the resolution that may be issued, if there are sufficient elements of judgment to do so.
Some legislation establishes that, before the initiation of the administrative procedure, the competent body, ex officio or at the request of a party, in cases of urgency and for the provisional protection of the interests involved, may adopt the corresponding measures in the cases expressly provided for by a norm of the rank of Law. In this case, the provisional measures must be confirmed, modified or lifted in the agreement to initiate the procedure, which must be carried out within a period after its adoption, which may be the subject of the appeal that proceed. In any case, said measures will be without effect if the procedure is not initiated within said period or when the initiation agreement does not contain an express statement regarding them.
On the other hand, provisional measures may not be adopted that may cause damage that is difficult or impossible to repair to the interested parties or that imply violation of rights protected by law.
Provisional measures may be lifted or modified during the processing of the procedure, ex officio or at the request of a party, due to circumstances that occurred or that could not be taken into account at the time of their adoption.
In any case, they will expire with the effectiveness of the administrative resolution that ends the procedure.
Ordination
The organization is made up of all the actions that must pre-order the development of the procedure until its completion, to allow the effective performance of the investigative acts.
As the principle that governs this phase we have that of ex officio impulse, according to which it is not necessary for the administrator to request the development of the process, given the general interest that animates the administrative procedure.
Likewise, it is also governed by the principle of speed, which must permeate the entire procedure, as well as by the principle of effectiveness, coordinating both by requiring that procedures that admit simultaneous impulse be agreed upon in a single act, without requiring successive impulse.
Whenever the aforementioned principles are breached, the interested party may react through a complaint or claim.
Instruction
The investigation is the set of acts through which the necessary elements of judgment are provided to the decision-making body to issue a resolution, being promoted ex officio without diminishing the right of the interested party to propose what suits their interests, with the possibility of presenting allegations by the parties, proposing taking of evidence, with the corresponding mandatory and optional reports.
The acts of instruction necessary for the determination, knowledge and verification of the data by virtue of which the resolution must be pronounced, will be carried out ex officio by the body that processes the procedure, without prejudice to the right of the interested parties to propose those actions that require their intervention or constitute legally or regulatory procedures established.
That is, this phase of the procedure is governed by the principle of officiality. This means that, even in the event that the interested party does not provide the elements of knowledge necessary for due knowledge, the Administration must ex officio provide them..
The results of opinion polls and surveys that are incorporated into the instruction of a procedure must meet the legally established guarantees for these information techniques as well as the technical identification of the procedure followed to obtain these results.
There are a series of procedures that are carried out during the instruction phase:
Interested parties may, at any time during the procedure prior to the hearing process, raise allegations and provide documents or other elements of judgment. Both will be taken into account by the competent body when drafting the corresponding proposed resolution.
At any time, interested parties may allege processing defects and, in particular, those that involve paralysis, violation of the mandatory deadlines or the omission of procedures that can be corrected before the final resolution of the matter. These allegations may give rise, if there are reasons for this, to the requirement of the corresponding disciplinary responsibility. sea.
The facts relevant to the decision of a procedure may be proven by any means of evidence admissible by law.
When the Administration does not consider the facts alleged by the interested parties to be true or the nature of the procedure requires it, the instructor of the procedure will agree to the opening of a trial period for a period of no more than thirty days nor less than ten, so that as many as he deems pertinent can be carried out.
The instructor of the procedure may only reject the evidence proposed by the interested parties when they are manifestly inadmissible or unnecessary, by means of a reasoned resolution.
The Administration will notify interested parties, with sufficient advance notice, of the start of the necessary actions to carry out the tests that have been admitted.
Termination
There are cases in which the resolution consists of the declaration of the circumstances that occur in each case, with an indication of the events that occurred and the applicable regulations. This occurs in cases of prescription, waiver of the right, expiration of the procedure or withdrawal of the request, as well as sudden disappearance of the object of the procedure.
Exceptions from the obligation to resolve are cases of termination of the procedure by pact or agreement, as well as procedures related to the exercise of rights subject only to the duty of prior communication to the Administration.
The execution
Legal norms usually establish the presumption of validity of all administrative acts and, consequently, produce full legal effects from the moment they are issued. This is called "execution" of the administrative act. The enforceability of the administrative act is of interest for all purposes, but especially when the interested parties obliged to comply with it do not do so voluntarily, in which case it may be forcibly imposed on them.
Means of forced execution
The legislation establishes that the acts of the Public Administrations subject to administrative law are immediately executive. To this end, the Laws establish different means of forced execution when individuals do not voluntarily comply with what is established in the administrative act.
[2] ↑ Introduccion a la Economia; Introduccion a las Finanzas; Introduccion a la Contabilidad; Introduccion al Derecho tributario; Introduccion a la Administracion de empresas. Netbiblo. pp. 1-260. Consultado el 3 de septiembre de 2025.: https://doi.org/10.4272/978-84-9745-514-5.ch1
[3] ↑ «Ley 39/2015, de 1 de octubre, del Procedimiento Administrativo Común de las Administraciones Públicas.». www.boe.es. Consultado el 27 de marzo de 2025.: https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2015-10565
The procedure is a single process that has a beginning and an end. All procedures must be resolved regardless of the manner of initiation and must also be notified.
Contradiction principle
The resolution of the procedure is based on the facts and the legal foundations; this is achieved through verification of the facts, through evidence. In general, facts can be proven by any means admissible by law.
Principle of impartiality
The administration will be impartial in its actions, without submitting to favoritism or enmity.
Failure to abstain does not invalidate the act but creates responsibility for the official.
In Mexico the same principles are used but they are called impediments, and when a public servant finds himself in any of the situations indicated, he must excuse himself from the procedural intervention by informing his hierarchical superior and he must resolve it within the following three days.
If there is another competent public servant, the matter will be taken over; failing that, the excused public servant will carry out the matter and a hierarchical superior will supervise it.
Officiality principle
The procedure must be promoted ex officio in all its procedures. The administration has the obligation and responsibility to direct the procedure, ordering that all necessary steps be taken to issue the resolution.
It is the responsibility of the heads of the body and the personnel under their charge to process the procedure.
The interested party
The concept of interested party is indicated in the relevant regulations in each specific state.
Those who promote it as holders of rights or legitimate interests are interested in the administrative procedure. Legitimate interests can be individual or collective.
Also interested is anyone who, without having initiated the procedure, has rights that may be affected by the decision adopted therein.
They are also those whose legitimate interests (individual or collective), may be affected by the resolution and are involved in the procedure as long as no definitive resolution has been issued..
Associations and organizations representing economic and social interests will be holders of legitimate collective interests in the terms recognized by the Law.
When the status of interested party derives from some transferable legal relationship, the successor in title will succeed in such status, regardless of the status of the procedure.
Phases of the Procedure
El procedimiento administrativo general carece de fases, en mérito del principio de unidad de vista,[4] se reconocen diversos estados en su tramitación, que son los siguientes:.
Initiation
With priority to the initiation agreement, the competent body may open a prior information period in order to know the circumstances of the specific case and whether or not it is advisable to initiate the procedure.
Several claims with identical or substantially similar content and foundation may be accumulated, unless the rules governing the specific procedures provide otherwise.
If the initiation request does not meet the aforementioned requirements and those required, where appropriate, by the specific applicable legislation, the interested party will be required to, within a specified period, correct the lack or accompany the mandatory documents, with an indication that, if they do not do so, their request will be considered withdrawn after a resolution that must be issued in the terms provided for in the applicable standard.
Provided that these are not selective or competitive procedures, this period may be extended prudently, at the request of the interested party or at the initiative of the body, when the provision of the required documents presents special difficulties.
In procedures initiated at the request of interested parties, the competent body may request from the applicant the voluntary modification or improvement of the terms of the procedure. A succinct record will be drawn up and incorporated into the procedure.
The rules of procedure establish that, once the procedure has begun, the administrative body competent to resolve it may adopt, ex officio or at the request of a party, the provisional measures it deems appropriate to ensure the effectiveness of the resolution that may be issued, if there are sufficient elements of judgment to do so.
Some legislation establishes that, before the initiation of the administrative procedure, the competent body, ex officio or at the request of a party, in cases of urgency and for the provisional protection of the interests involved, may adopt the corresponding measures in the cases expressly provided for by a norm of the rank of Law. In this case, the provisional measures must be confirmed, modified or lifted in the agreement to initiate the procedure, which must be carried out within a period after its adoption, which may be the subject of the appeal that proceed. In any case, said measures will be without effect if the procedure is not initiated within said period or when the initiation agreement does not contain an express statement regarding them.
On the other hand, provisional measures may not be adopted that may cause damage that is difficult or impossible to repair to the interested parties or that imply violation of rights protected by law.
Provisional measures may be lifted or modified during the processing of the procedure, ex officio or at the request of a party, due to circumstances that occurred or that could not be taken into account at the time of their adoption.
In any case, they will expire with the effectiveness of the administrative resolution that ends the procedure.
Ordination
The organization is made up of all the actions that must pre-order the development of the procedure until its completion, to allow the effective performance of the investigative acts.
As the principle that governs this phase we have that of ex officio impulse, according to which it is not necessary for the administrator to request the development of the process, given the general interest that animates the administrative procedure.
Likewise, it is also governed by the principle of speed, which must permeate the entire procedure, as well as by the principle of effectiveness, coordinating both by requiring that procedures that admit simultaneous impulse be agreed upon in a single act, without requiring successive impulse.
Whenever the aforementioned principles are breached, the interested party may react through a complaint or claim.
Instruction
The investigation is the set of acts through which the necessary elements of judgment are provided to the decision-making body to issue a resolution, being promoted ex officio without diminishing the right of the interested party to propose what suits their interests, with the possibility of presenting allegations by the parties, proposing taking of evidence, with the corresponding mandatory and optional reports.
The acts of instruction necessary for the determination, knowledge and verification of the data by virtue of which the resolution must be pronounced, will be carried out ex officio by the body that processes the procedure, without prejudice to the right of the interested parties to propose those actions that require their intervention or constitute legally or regulatory procedures established.
That is, this phase of the procedure is governed by the principle of officiality. This means that, even in the event that the interested party does not provide the elements of knowledge necessary for due knowledge, the Administration must ex officio provide them..
The results of opinion polls and surveys that are incorporated into the instruction of a procedure must meet the legally established guarantees for these information techniques as well as the technical identification of the procedure followed to obtain these results.
There are a series of procedures that are carried out during the instruction phase:
Interested parties may, at any time during the procedure prior to the hearing process, raise allegations and provide documents or other elements of judgment. Both will be taken into account by the competent body when drafting the corresponding proposed resolution.
At any time, interested parties may allege processing defects and, in particular, those that involve paralysis, violation of the mandatory deadlines or the omission of procedures that can be corrected before the final resolution of the matter. These allegations may give rise, if there are reasons for this, to the requirement of the corresponding disciplinary responsibility. sea.
The facts relevant to the decision of a procedure may be proven by any means of evidence admissible by law.
When the Administration does not consider the facts alleged by the interested parties to be true or the nature of the procedure requires it, the instructor of the procedure will agree to the opening of a trial period for a period of no more than thirty days nor less than ten, so that as many as he deems pertinent can be carried out.
The instructor of the procedure may only reject the evidence proposed by the interested parties when they are manifestly inadmissible or unnecessary, by means of a reasoned resolution.
The Administration will notify interested parties, with sufficient advance notice, of the start of the necessary actions to carry out the tests that have been admitted.
Termination
There are cases in which the resolution consists of the declaration of the circumstances that occur in each case, with an indication of the events that occurred and the applicable regulations. This occurs in cases of prescription, waiver of the right, expiration of the procedure or withdrawal of the request, as well as sudden disappearance of the object of the procedure.
Exceptions from the obligation to resolve are cases of termination of the procedure by pact or agreement, as well as procedures related to the exercise of rights subject only to the duty of prior communication to the Administration.
The execution
Legal norms usually establish the presumption of validity of all administrative acts and, consequently, produce full legal effects from the moment they are issued. This is called "execution" of the administrative act. The enforceability of the administrative act is of interest for all purposes, but especially when the interested parties obliged to comply with it do not do so voluntarily, in which case it may be forcibly imposed on them.
Means of forced execution
The legislation establishes that the acts of the Public Administrations subject to administrative law are immediately executive. To this end, the Laws establish different means of forced execution when individuals do not voluntarily comply with what is established in the administrative act.
[2] ↑ Introduccion a la Economia; Introduccion a las Finanzas; Introduccion a la Contabilidad; Introduccion al Derecho tributario; Introduccion a la Administracion de empresas. Netbiblo. pp. 1-260. Consultado el 3 de septiembre de 2025.: https://doi.org/10.4272/978-84-9745-514-5.ch1
[3] ↑ «Ley 39/2015, de 1 de octubre, del Procedimiento Administrativo Común de las Administraciones Públicas.». www.boe.es. Consultado el 27 de marzo de 2025.: https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2015-10565
The notification will state the place, date and time in which the test will be performed, with the warning, where appropriate, that the interested party may appoint technicians to assist him or her.
In cases in which, at the request of the interested party, tests must be carried out whose implementation involves expenses that the Administration must not bear, the Administration may demand an advance payment thereof, subject to final settlement, once the test has been carried out. The settlement of expenses will be carried out by joining the receipts that prove the reality and amount of the same.
For the purposes of resolving the procedure, those reports that are mandatory by legal provisions will be requested, and those that are deemed necessary to resolve, citing the provision that requires them or substantiating, where appropriate, the convenience of claiming them.
The report request will specify the point or points about which it is requested.
Unless expressly provided otherwise, the reports will be optional and non-binding.
The reports will be issued within a period of ten days, unless a provision or compliance with the rest of the deadlines of the procedure allows or requires another longer or shorter period.
If the report is not issued within the established period, and without prejudice to the responsibility incurred by the person responsible for the delay, the actions may be continued regardless of the nature of the requested report, except in the cases of mandatory reports that are decisive for the resolution of the procedure, in which case the period of subsequent procedures may be interrupted.
If the report should be issued by a Public Administration other than the one that processes the procedure in order to express the point of view corresponding to its respective powers, and the period passes without it having been evacuated, the actions may continue. The report issued after the deadline may not be taken into account when adopting the corresponding resolution.
Once the procedures have been instructed, and immediately before drafting the proposed resolution, they will be made known to the interested parties or, where appropriate, their representatives, except as may affect information and data that are confidential by law.
Interested parties, within a period of no less than ten days nor more than fifteen, may allege and present the documents and justifications they deem relevant.
If before the expiration of the period the interested parties express their decision not to make allegations or provide new documents or justifications, the procedure will be considered completed.
The hearing process may be dispensed with when no other facts or allegations and evidence other than those adduced by the interested party appear in the procedure or are taken into account in the resolution.
The instructional acts that require the intervention of the interested parties must be carried out in the way that is most comfortable for them and is compatible, to the extent possible, with their work or professional obligations.
The interested parties may, in any case, act assisted by an advisor when they consider it appropriate to defend their interests.
In any case, the investigating body will adopt the necessary measures to achieve full respect for the principles of contradiction and equality of those interested in the procedure.
The body responsible for the resolution of the procedure, when the nature of the procedure requires it, may agree to a public information period.
To this end, it will be announced in the Official Gazette of the State, of the Autonomous Community, or in that of the respective Province, so that any natural or legal person can examine the procedure, or the part of it that is agreed upon.
The announcement will indicate the place of exhibition and will determine the period for making allegations, which in no case may be less than twenty days.
Failure to appear in this procedure will not prevent interested parties from filing appropriate appeals against the final resolution of the procedure.
Appearance in the public information process does not, in itself, grant the status of interested party. However, those who present allegations or observations in this process have the right to obtain a reasoned response from the Administration, which may be common to all those allegations that raise substantially the same issues.
In accordance with the provisions of the Laws, Public Administrations may establish other forms, means and channels of citizen participation, directly or through organizations and associations recognized by the Law in the procedure for preparing administrative provisions and acts.
The notification will state the place, date and time in which the test will be performed, with the warning, where appropriate, that the interested party may appoint technicians to assist him or her.
In cases in which, at the request of the interested party, tests must be carried out whose implementation involves expenses that the Administration must not bear, the Administration may demand an advance payment thereof, subject to final settlement, once the test has been carried out. The settlement of expenses will be carried out by joining the receipts that prove the reality and amount of the same.
For the purposes of resolving the procedure, those reports that are mandatory by legal provisions will be requested, and those that are deemed necessary to resolve, citing the provision that requires them or substantiating, where appropriate, the convenience of claiming them.
The report request will specify the point or points about which it is requested.
Unless expressly provided otherwise, the reports will be optional and non-binding.
The reports will be issued within a period of ten days, unless a provision or compliance with the rest of the deadlines of the procedure allows or requires another longer or shorter period.
If the report is not issued within the established period, and without prejudice to the responsibility incurred by the person responsible for the delay, the actions may be continued regardless of the nature of the requested report, except in the cases of mandatory reports that are decisive for the resolution of the procedure, in which case the period of subsequent procedures may be interrupted.
If the report should be issued by a Public Administration other than the one that processes the procedure in order to express the point of view corresponding to its respective powers, and the period passes without it having been evacuated, the actions may continue. The report issued after the deadline may not be taken into account when adopting the corresponding resolution.
Once the procedures have been instructed, and immediately before drafting the proposed resolution, they will be made known to the interested parties or, where appropriate, their representatives, except as may affect information and data that are confidential by law.
Interested parties, within a period of no less than ten days nor more than fifteen, may allege and present the documents and justifications they deem relevant.
If before the expiration of the period the interested parties express their decision not to make allegations or provide new documents or justifications, the procedure will be considered completed.
The hearing process may be dispensed with when no other facts or allegations and evidence other than those adduced by the interested party appear in the procedure or are taken into account in the resolution.
The instructional acts that require the intervention of the interested parties must be carried out in the way that is most comfortable for them and is compatible, to the extent possible, with their work or professional obligations.
The interested parties may, in any case, act assisted by an advisor when they consider it appropriate to defend their interests.
In any case, the investigating body will adopt the necessary measures to achieve full respect for the principles of contradiction and equality of those interested in the procedure.
The body responsible for the resolution of the procedure, when the nature of the procedure requires it, may agree to a public information period.
To this end, it will be announced in the Official Gazette of the State, of the Autonomous Community, or in that of the respective Province, so that any natural or legal person can examine the procedure, or the part of it that is agreed upon.
The announcement will indicate the place of exhibition and will determine the period for making allegations, which in no case may be less than twenty days.
Failure to appear in this procedure will not prevent interested parties from filing appropriate appeals against the final resolution of the procedure.
Appearance in the public information process does not, in itself, grant the status of interested party. However, those who present allegations or observations in this process have the right to obtain a reasoned response from the Administration, which may be common to all those allegations that raise substantially the same issues.
In accordance with the provisions of the Laws, Public Administrations may establish other forms, means and channels of citizen participation, directly or through organizations and associations recognized by the Law in the procedure for preparing administrative provisions and acts.