A Safety Management System or SGSO (in English: Safety Management System or SMS) is a systematic approach to the management of operational safety in different sectors and industries, including the organization, lines of responsibility, necessary policies and procedures as well as an implementation plan.

An Operational Safety Management System is applied in various sectors where safety is critical due to the inherent risk of their operations and the need to protect people, property and the environment. The major sectors where an SGS is implemented include:

In 2011, the International Labor Organization defined an international standard around the basic components that an SMS must include, through the document "ILO-OSH 2001 Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems".

Although SGSOs have been used in different areas, it is in the field of Commercial Aviation where they have reached their maximum development in the first place. In fact, in February 2013, the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) published the New Annex 19 to the Chicago Convention (the first in more than 30 years) whose entry into force was on November 14, 2013, consolidating provisions that Member States and suppliers to the aeronautical sector must comply with regarding Operational Safety.

In accordance with ICAO SARPs, the following providers of aeronautical services and products are required to establish an operational safety management system:

On the other hand, the European Commission, through the Single Sky Regulations, has already regulated the SMS of air navigation service providers and EASA (the European Aviation Safety Agency) prepares the regulations on SMS for the rest of the service providers.